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Modulation of 3D Bioprintability in Polysaccharide Bioink by Bioglass Nanoparticles and Multiple Metal Ions for Tissue Engineering

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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Aims and scope

Abstract

Background:

Bioglasses are used in applications related to bone rehabilitation and repair. The mechanical and bioactive properties of polysaccharides like alginate and agarose can be modulated or improved using bioglass nanoparticles. Further essential metal ions used as crosslinker have the potential to supplement cultured cells for better growth and proliferation.

Method:

In this study, the alginate bioink is modulated for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds by extrusion-based 3D bioprinting using agarose, bioglass nanoparticles and combination of essential trace elements such as iron, zinc, and copper. Homogeneous bioink was obtained by in situ mixing and bioprinting of its components with twin screw extruder (TSE) based 3D bioprinting, and then distribution of metal ions was induced through post-printing diffusion of metal ions in the printed scaffolds. The mechanical and 3d bioprinting properties, microscopic structure, biocompatibility of the crosslinked alginate/agarose hydrogels were analyzed for different concentrations of bioglass. The adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) and osteoblast cells (MC3T3) were used to evaluate this hydrogel’s biological performances.

Results:

The porosity of hydrogels significantly improves with the incorporation of the bioglass. More bioglass concentration results in improved mechanical (compressive, dynamic, and cyclic) and 3D bioprinting properties. Cell growth and extracellular matrix are also enhanced with bioglass concentration.

Conclusion:

For bioprinting of the bioinks, the advanced TSE head was attached to 3D bioprinter and in situ fabrication of cell encapsulated scaffold was obtained with optimized composition considering minimal effects on cell damage. Fabricated bioinks demonstrate a biocompatible and noncytotoxic scaffold for culturing MC3T3 and ADMSC, while bioglass controls the cellular behaviors such as cell growth and extracellular matrix formation.

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Data availability

The data presented in this study are available on request from all the authors.

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Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the support provided by National Research Foundation of Korea, Seoul National University of Science and Technology and PSG Institutions to conduct the research. We also thank Shiva Taheri and HyeRim Cho for their in vitro cell culture assistance. National Research Foundation of Korea (Brain Pool Fellowship 2021H1D3A2A02044451 and 2022R1A2C2006341) and Green Convergence Technology Specialized Graduate Program through the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute (KEITI) funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea

    Amitava Bhattacharyya, Mst Rita Khatun & Insup Noh

  2. Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea

    Amitava Bhattacharyya & Insup Noh

  3. Functional, Innovative and Smart Textiles, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore, 641004, India

    Amitava Bhattacharyya, S. Narmatha & R. Nagarajan

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  1. Amitava Bhattacharyya
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  5. Insup Noh
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Contributions

AB designed all the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript, MRK 3D printed samples, SN optimized the gel compositions, RN characterized the gel, IN supervised the research. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Insup Noh.

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Bhattacharyya, A., Khatun, M.R., Narmatha, S. et al. Modulation of 3D Bioprintability in Polysaccharide Bioink by Bioglass Nanoparticles and Multiple Metal Ions for Tissue Engineering. Tissue Eng Regen Med 21, 261–275 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-023-00605-1

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