Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Survey of sono-activated persulfate process for treatment of real dairy wastewater

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The dairy industry is considered as one of the most polluting industries due to the presence of a very high percentage of organic matter in the effluent. Advanced oxidation processes, including ultrasonic/persulfate, are efficient processes for wastewater treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study, experimental laboratory research, was to evaluate the efficiency of US/persulfate process for the treatment of real dairy wastewater. In this study, the effects of pH (3, 5, 7, 9 and 11), persulfate concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 750 mg/L), contact time (10, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min) and intensity of US waves (35, 37 and 130 kHz) on the efficiency of process were investigated using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as a dependent variable. According to the results, the efficiency was increased by decreasing the pH value, increasing the concentration of persulfate to an optimal level, and increasing the contact time and ultrasound intensity. The highest efficiency was obtained as 74.5% for real dairy wastewater. The high efficiency in the US/persulfate process was obtained at pH 3, persulfate concentration of 500 mg/L, US intensity of US 130 kHz and contact time of 60 min. The results showed that the sono-activated persulfate process for COD degradation of dairy wastewater follows the pseudo-first-order kinetic. According to the results, it can be concluded that US/persulfate process is an effective method for the removal of organic matter from real dairy wastewater.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bazrafshan E, Balarak D, Panahi AH, Kamani H, Mahvi AH (2016) Fluoride removal from aqueous solutions by cupricoxide nanoparticles. Fluoride 49(3):233

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen W-S, Su Y-C (2012) Removal of dinitrotoluenes in wastewater by sono-activated persulfate. Ultrason Sonochem 19(4):921–927

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Darsinou B, Frontistis Z, Antonopoulou M, Konstantinou I, Mantzavinos D (2015) Sono-activated persulfate oxidation of bisphenol A: kinetics, pathways and the controversial role of temperature. Chem Eng J 280:623–633

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dehghani MH, Faraji M, Mohammadi A, Kamani H (2017) Optimization of fluoride adsorption onto natural and modified pumice using response surface methodology: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Korean J Chem Eng 34(2):454–462

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hou L, Zhang H, Wang L, Chen L, Xiong Y, Xue X (2013) Removal of sulfamethoxazole from aqueous solution by sono-ozonation in the presence of a magnetic catalyst. Sep Purif Technol 117:46–52

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hussain I, Zhang Y, Huang S, Du X (2012) Degradation of p-chloroaniline by persulfate activated with zero-valent iron. Chem Eng J 203:269–276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaewsuk J, Thorasampan W, Thanuttamavong M, Seo GT (2010) Kinetic development and evaluation of membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) with mixed cultures photosynthetic bacteria for dairy wastewater treatment. J Environ Manag 91(5):1161–1168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kamani H, Nasseri S, Khoobi M, Nodehi RN, Mahvi AH (2016) Sonocatalytic degradation of humic acid by N-doped TiO2 nano-particle in aqueous solution. J Environ Health Sci Eng 14(1):3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamani H, Bazrafshan E, Ashrafi SD, Sancholi F (2017) Efficiency of sono-nano-catalytic process of TiO2 nano-particle in removal of erythromycin and metronidazole from aqueous solution. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 27(151):140–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Kang J, Duan X, Zhou L, Sun H, Tadé MO, Wang S (2016) Carbocatalytic activation of persulfate for removal of antibiotics in water solutions. Chem Eng J 288:399–405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krzeminska D, Neczaj E, Parkitna K (2013) Application of Fenton reaction for supporting biological wastewater treatment from the dairy industry. Roczn Ochrona Srodowiska 15:2381–2397

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamas Samanamud GR, Izario Filho HJ, Loures CCA et al (2013) The application of a surface response methodology in the solar/UV-induced degradation of dairy wastewater using immobilized ZnO as a semiconductor. Int J Chem Eng 2013:393467. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/393467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee Y-C, Lo S-L, Kuo J, Lin Y-L (2012) Persulfate oxidation of perfluorooctanoic acid under the temperatures of 20–40 C. Chem Eng J 198:27–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li B, Li L, Lin K, Zhang W, Lu S, Luo Q (2013) Removal of 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane from aqueous solution by a sono-activated persulfate process. Ultrason Sonochem 20(3):855–863

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammadi AS, Attar HM (2011) P-chlorophenol oxidation in industrial effluent by ultrasonic/fenton technology. Water Wastewater 22(4):80

    Google Scholar 

  • Nasseri S, Mahvi AH, Seyedsalehi M, Yaghmaeian K, Nabizadeh R, Alimohammadi M, Safari GH (2017) Degradation kinetics of tetracycline in aqueous solutions using peroxydisulfate activated by ultrasound irradiation: effect of radical scavenger and water matrix. J Mol Liq 241:704–714

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pi Y, Feng J, Sun J, Sun J (2013) Facile, effective, and environment-friendly degradation of sulfamonomethoxine in aqueous solution with the aid of a UV/oxone oxidative process. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20(12):8621–8628

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahmani AR, Zarrabi M, Samarghandi MR, Afkhami A, Ghaffari HR (2010) Degradation of Azo Dye reactive black 5 and acid orange 7 by Fenton-like mechanism. Iran J Chem Eng 7:87–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Romero A, Santos A, Vicente F, González C (2010) Diuron abatement using activated persulphate: effect of pH, Fe (II) and oxidant dosage. Chem Eng J 162(1):257–265

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Safari G, Hoseini M, Seyedsalehi M, Kamani H, Jaafari J, Mahvi A (2015a) Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using nanosized titanium dioxide in aqueous solution. Int J Environ Sci Technol 12(2):603–616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saeed W (2011) The effectiveness of persulfate in the oxidation of petroleum contaminants in saline environment at elevated groundwater temperature. UWSpace. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6396

  • Safari GH, Nasseri S, Mahvi AH, Yaghmaeian K, Nabizadeh R, Alimohammadi M (2015b) Optimization of sonochemical degradation of tetracycline in aqueous solution using sono-activated persulfate process. J Environ Health Sci Eng 13(1):76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safari GH, Zarrabi M, Hoseini M, Kamani H, Jaafari J, Mahvi AH (2015c) Trends of natural and acid-engineered pumice onto phosphorus ions in aquatic environment: adsorbent preparation, characterization, and kinetic and equilibrium modeling. Desalin Water Treat 54(11):3031–3043

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar B, Chakrabarti P, Vijaykumar A, Kale V (2006) Wastewater treatment in dairy industries—possibility of reuse. Desalination 195(1–3):141–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seidmohammadi A, Asgari G, Torabi L (2016) Removal of metronidazole using ozone activated persulfate from aqua solutions in presence of ultrasound. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 26(143):160–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Shokouhi R, Poureshgh Y, Almasi H, Shabanloo A (2016) Sonochemical oxidation of phenol using persulfate activated by zerovalent iron nanoparticles in aqueous environments. J Occup Environ Health 2(1):7–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Song S, He Z, Chen J (2007) US/O3 combination degradation of aniline in aqueous solution. Ultrason Sonochem 14(1):84–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2005.11.010

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vourch M, Balannec B, Chaufer B, Dorange G (2008) Treatment of dairy industry wastewater by reverse osmosis for water reuse. Desalination 219(1–3):190–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang S, Zhou N (2016) Removal of carbamazepine from aqueous solution using sono-activated persulfate process. Ultrason Sonochem 29:156–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang X, Wang L, Li J, Qiu J, Cai C, Zhang H (2014) Degradation of acid orange 7 by persulfate activated with zero valent iron in the presence of ultrasonic irradiation. Sep Purif Technol 122:41–46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao D, Liao X, Yan X, Huling SG, Chai T, Tao H (2013) Effect and mechanism of persulfate activated by different methods for PAHs removal in soil. J Hazard Mater 254–255:228–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.03.056

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the Office of Research and Technology of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences for funding this study with Project code 8610.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    A. Hossein Panahi & G. Abi

  2. Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

    A. Meshkinian & H. Kamani

  3. School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

    S. D. Ashrafi

  4. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China

    M. Khan

  5. Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

    A. Naghizadeh

Authors
  1. A. Hossein Panahi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Meshkinian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. D. Ashrafi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. A. Naghizadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. G. Abi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. H. Kamani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. Kamani.

Additional information

Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hossein Panahi, A., Meshkinian, A., Ashrafi, S.D. et al. Survey of sono-activated persulfate process for treatment of real dairy wastewater. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 17, 93–98 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02324-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-019-02324-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation