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Optimization of Large-Scale Production of Chrysodeixis includens nucleopolyhedrovirus for Its Use as a Biopesticide

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Abstract

The baculovirus Chrysodeixis includens nucleopolyhedrovirus (ChinNPV) is pathogenic to Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae, known as soybean looper, which is an important pest of soybean and bean. In this study, some parameters were tested to overcome the difficulties in the in vivo production of ChinNPV aiming to increase its use as a biopesticide. First, different combinations of larval instars (3rd and 4th instars), larval incubation temperatures (23 °C and 26 °C), and rearing densities (individually and 10 larvae/cup) were compared for larval weight and the production of occlusion bodies (OBs). A positive correlation (p< 0.001) was observed for OB production and larval weight. Fourth instar larvae produced more OBs than third instar larvae (p<0.05); however, no significant differences in OBs/larva (p>0.05) were observed for larvae kept in groups or individually. Therefore, a second assay was performed using fourth instar larvae incubated at 26 °C and two larval densities (10 larvae/cup and 40 larvae/cup). The losses of insects and OB production were evaluated as well as the influence of storage temperatures post-mortem (−20 °C, 4 °C, and 15 °C) in the OB yield. As expected, insect losses due to cannibalism or microbial contamination were greater (p<0.05) with the increase in larval density, although no difference was observed in OBs/larva (p>0.05). In addition, the storage temperature post-mortem did not influence the OB yield (p>0.05). The average production of ChinNPV OBs was 3×1010 OBs/40 larvae cup. The results demonstrate the viability of rearing C. includens in groups to enhance the mass production and reduce virus production costs.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to RB Lopes (Embrapa) for providing the ChinNPV isolate and suggestions for the research. FGV Schmidt (Embrapa) and NP Benito (Embrapa) provided the C. includens specimens.

Funding

The study received financial support from the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) project 23.16.04.026.00.00.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Márcio Martinello Sanches, Thainá Berbert Gelelete, Ana Lis Rangel Santos, William Sihler & Marlinda Lobo Souza

  2. Centro Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Thainá Berbert Gelelete & Ana Lis Rangel Santos

  3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez

Authors
  1. Márcio Martinello Sanches
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  2. Thainá Berbert Gelelete
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  3. Ana Lis Rangel Santos
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  4. Daniel Ricardo Sosa-Gómez
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  5. William Sihler
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  6. Marlinda Lobo Souza
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Contributions

Conceptualization: MMS, MLS; methodology: MMS, WS; formal analysis and investigation: MMS, TBG, ALRS, WS; writing—original draft preparation: MMS, MLS, DRSG; writing—review and editing: all authors; funding acquisition: MMS, MLS, DRSG; resources: MMS, MLS, WS; supervision: MMS.

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Correspondence to Márcio Martinello Sanches.

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Edited by Christian S Torres

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Sanches, M.M., Gelelete, T.B., Santos, A.L.R. et al. Optimization of Large-Scale Production of Chrysodeixis includens nucleopolyhedrovirus for Its Use as a Biopesticide. Neotrop Entomol 50, 615–621 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-021-00887-x

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