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Adolescent and Childhood Obesity and Excess Morbidity and Mortality in Young Adulthood—a Systematic Review

  • Childhood Obesity (A Kelly and C Fox, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Rates of childhood obesity have been soaring in recent decades. The association between obesity in adulthood and excess morbidity and mortality has been readily established, whereas the association of childhood and adolescent obesity has not. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing data regarding the association of the presence of obesity in childhood/adolescence and early-onset adverse outcomes in adulthood, with specific focus on young adults under the age of 45 years.

Recent Findings

Diabetes, cancer, and cardiometabolic outcomes in midlife are closely linked to childhood and adolescent obesity.

Summary

Childhood and adolescent obesity confer major risks of excess and premature morbidity and mortality, which may be evident before age 30 years in both sexes. The scientific literature is mixed regarding the independent risk of illness, which may be attributed to childhood BMI regardless of adult BMI, and additional data is required to establish causality between the two. Nonetheless, the increasing prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity may impose an increase of disease burden in midlife, emphasizing the need for effective interventions to be implemented at a young age.

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Acknowledgements

This review is dedicated to prof. Arnon Afek for his continuous support of medical research in the Israel Defense Forces by facilitating seminal medical data linkage between various governmental agencies in Israel, making key longitudinal studies on adolescent obesity possible.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Adi Horesh, Avishai M. Tsur, Aya Bardugo & Gilad Twig

  2. Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel

    Adi Horesh, Avishai M. Tsur, Aya Bardugo & Gilad Twig

  3. Department of Medicine ‘B’, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Avishai M. Tsur

  4. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Avishai M. Tsur & Gilad Twig

  5. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Gilad Twig

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Horesh, A., Tsur, A.M., Bardugo, A. et al. Adolescent and Childhood Obesity and Excess Morbidity and Mortality in Young Adulthood—a Systematic Review. Curr Obes Rep 10, 301–310 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-021-00439-9

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