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The East Asian subtropical summer monsoon: Recent progress

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Abstract

The East Asian subtropical summer monsoon (EASSM) is one component of the East Asian summer monsoon system, and its evolution determines the weather and climate over East China. In the present paper, we firstly demonstrate the formation and advancement of the EASSM rainbelt and its associated circulation and precipitation patterns through reviewing recent studies and our own analysis based on JRA-55 (Japanese 55-yr Reanalysis) data and CMAP (CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation), GPCP (Global Precipitation Climatology Project), and TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission) precipitation data. The results show that the rainy season of the EASSM starts over the region to the south of the Yangtze River in early April, with the establishment of strong southerly wind in situ. The EASSM rainfall, which is composed of dominant convective and minor stratiform precipitation, is always accompanied by a frontal system and separated from the tropical summer monsoon system. It moves northward following the onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon. Moreover, the role of the land–sea thermal contrast in the formation and maintenance of the EASSM is illustrated, including in particular the effect of the seasonal transition of the zonal land–sea thermal contrast and the influences from the Tibetan Plateau and midlatitudes. In addition, we reveal a possible reason for the subtropical climate difference between East Asia and East America. Finally, the multi-scale variability of the EASSM and its influential factors are summarized to uncover possible reasons for the intraseasonal, interannual, and interdecadal variability of the EASSM and their importance in climate prediction.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Jinhai He  (何金海)

  2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China

    Boqi Liu  (刘伯奇)

  3. Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation and East Asian Monsoon, Changchun, 130062, China

    Jinhai He  (何金海)

  4. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Boqi Liu  (刘伯奇)

Authors
  1. Jinhai He  (何金海)
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  2. Boqi Liu  (刘伯奇)
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Boqi Liu  (刘伯奇).

Additional information

Supported by the National (Key) Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (2015CB453202), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41505049, 41475057, and 41175083), Basic Research and Operation Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (2015Z001), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities (PCSIRT), and Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).

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He, J., Liu, B. The East Asian subtropical summer monsoon: Recent progress. J Meteorol Res 30, 135–155 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-016-5222-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-016-5222-z

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