Abstract
The limited tissue penetration depth and tumor hypoxic microenvironment have become the two pivotal obstacles that alleviate the antineoplastic efficacy in tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the research, MnO2-decorated upconversion nanoparticles (UCSMn) have been designed to generate certain oxygen within the solid tumor, and also increase the light penetrating depth due to the optical conversion ability derived from upconversion nanoparticles. Furthermore, upconversion nanoparticles as the inner core are coated by mesoporous silica for the loading of curcumin as photosensitizer and chemotherapeutics, and then a MnO2 shell is proceeding to grow via redox method. When reaching the tumor tissue, the MnO2 nanoshells of UCSMn could be rapidly degraded into manganese ions (Mn2+) owing to the reaction with H2O2 in acidic tumor microenvironment, meanwhile producing oxygen and facilitating curcumin release. Once the tumor is illuminated by 980 nm light, the upconversion nanoparticles can transform the infrared light to visible light of 450 nm and 475.5 nm, which can be efficiently absorbed by curcumin, and then produce singlet oxygen to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Curcumin played a dual role which can not only be acted as a photosensitizer, but also a chemotherapeutic agent to further reinforce the antitumor activity. In short, the intelligent nanostructure has the potential to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings existed in PDT and eventually do work well in the hypoxia tumors.
Graphical abstract
MnO2-decorated upconversion nanoparticle to solve the tissue penetration and tumor hypoxic microenvironment for tumor photodynamic therapy
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Acknowledgements
We appreciated Xiaoyan Chen and Yingtao Zhong for the help in the preparation of upconversion nanoparticles.
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The study was supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China (Grant numbers 201904010110).
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Yan Ma proposed the idea and participated in the design of the study. Xinru Chen collected literature search and carried out the study. Quandong Li performed the statistical analysis. Zipeng Huang provided the assistance in manuscript preparation. Wen Lin provided assistance in the manuscript editing and review. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The experimental protocol was established, according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
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Xinru Chen and Quandong Li share first authorship of this article.
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Chen, X., Li, Q., Huang, Z. et al. Construction and evaluation of curcumin upconversion nanocarriers decorated with MnO2 for tumor photodynamic therapy. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 12, 2678–2692 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-022-01118-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-022-01118-5