Abstract
The aim of this study is to report the yield of extraction, as well as the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of extracted chitosan from mud crabs (S.olivacea) as compared to commercial chitosan. The yield obtained for extracted chitosan was 44.57 ± 3.44 % with a moisture and ash content of 9.48 ± 0.59 % and 5.97 ± 0.90 %, respectively. Commercial chitosan demonstrated a higher degree of deacetylation (58.42 ± 2.67 %), water (250 ± 9.90 %) and fat (329 ± 7.07 %) binding capacity, solubility (73.85 %), viscosity (463.25 ± 13.10 %) and also the whiteness value (77.8 ± 0.47) compared to the extracted chitosan, which were only 53.42 ± 0.88 %, 180 ± 0.00 %, 260 ± 0.00 %, 53.38 %, 383.9 ± 28.43 % and 62.1 ± 7.52 %, respectively. The structure of extracted and commercial chitosan was also investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In conclusion, the extracted chitosan possessed potential properties similar to the commercial chitosan with high reducing power but low in the scavenging activity on the DPPH and hydroxyl radicals compared to the commercial chitosan.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alimuniar A, Zainuddin R (1992) An economical technique for producing chitosan. In: Brine CJ, Sanford PA, Zikakis JP (eds) Advances in Chitin and Chitosan. Elsevier Applied Science, Essex, UK, p 627
AOAC (1990) Official methods of analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemistry, 15th edition. The Association of Official Analytical Chemistry: Washington, DC, 1990 Inc.
Bautista-Baňos S, Hernandez-Lauzardo AN, Velazquez-del Valle MG, Hernandez-Lopez M, Ait Barka E, Bosquez-Molina E (2006) Chitosan as a potential natural compound to control pre and postharvest diseases of horticultural commodities. Crop Prot 25:108–118
Bondet V, Brand-Williams W, Berset C (1997) Kinetics and mechanisms of antioxidant activity using the DPPH free radical method. LWT-Food Sci Technol 30:609–615
Cho YI, No HK, Meyers SP (1998) Physicochemical characteristics and functional properties of various commercial chitin and chitosan products. J Agric Food Chem 46:3839–3843
Duarte ML, Ferreira MC, Marvao MR, Rocha J (2002) An optimised method to determine the degree of acetylation of chitin and chitosan by FTIR spectroscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 31:1–8
Fernandez-kim SO (2004) Physicochemical and functional properties of crawfish chitosan as affected by different processing protocols. Graduate Faculty of Seoul National University, Dissertation of MSc., p 107
Hayati MA (2011) Antioxidant properties of in-vitro goji leaves. Faculty of Applied Science, UniversitiTeknologi Mara, Final year project report, pp 11–20
Ikhwanuddin M, Azmie G, Juariah HM, Zakaria MZ, Ambak MA (2011) Biological information and population features of mud crabs, genus Scylla from mangrove areas of Sarawak Malaysia. Fish Res 108:299–306
Kjartansson GT (2008) Extraction and functional properties of ultrasonicated chitin and chitosan from crustacean by-products. Doctor of philosophy thesis, Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, p 158
Kucukgulmez A, Celik M, Yanar Y (2011) Physicochemical characterization of chitosan extracted from Metapenaeus stebbingi shells. J Food Chem 126(3):1144–1148
Lamarque G, Cretenet M, Viton C, Domard A (2005) New route of deacetylation of a-and b-chitins by means of freeze–pump out–thaw cycles. Biomacromolecules 6:1380–1388
Li Q, Dunn ET, Grandmaison EW, Goosen MFA (1992) Applications and properties of chitosan. J. Bioact Compat Polym 7:370–397
Mahlous M, Tahtat D, Benamer S, Nacerkhodja A (2007) Gamma irradiation-aided chitin/chitosan extraction from prawn shells. J Nucl Inst Methods Phys Res Sect B: Beam Interact Mater Atoms 265(1):414–417
Martino AD, Sittinger M, Risbud MV (2005) Chitosan: a versatile biopolymer for orthopaedic tissue-engineering. Biomaterials 26:5983–5990
Mohammed MH, Williams PA, Tverezovskaya O (2013) Extraction of chitin from prawn shells and conversion to low molecular mass chitosan. Food Hydrocoll 31:166–171
Moorjani MN, Achutha V, Khasim DI (1975) Parameters Affecting the Viscosity of Chitosan from Prawn Waste. J Food Scie Technol 12:187–191
No HK, Meyers SP (1995) Preparation and Characterization of Chitin and Chitosan-A Review. J Aquat Food Prod Technol 4(2):27–52
No HK, Meyers SP, Lee KS (1989) Isolation and characterization of chitin from crawfish shell waste. J Agric Food Chem 37(3):575–579
Ocloo FCK, Quayson ET, Adu-Gyamfi A, Quarcoo EA, Asare D, Serfor-Armah Y, Woode BK (2011) Physicochemical and functional characteristics of radiation-processed shrimp chitosan. J Radiat Phys Chem 80:837–841
Pavia DL, LampmanG. M Kriz G, S. Vyvyan JR (2009) Introduction to spectroscopy.4th edn. Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning, USA.
Rao MS, Chander R, Sharma A (2006) Radiation processed chitosan a potent antioxidant. NAARI Annu Conf Radioisotopes Radiat Technol 273:188–194
Seo S, King JM, Prinyawiwatkul W (2007) Simultaneous depolymerisation and decolorization of chitosan by ozone treatment. J Food Sci 72(9):522–526
Shahidi F, Synowiecki J (1991) Isolation and characterization of nutrients and value- added products from snow crab (Chionoecetes Opilio) and shrimp (Pandalus Borealis) processing discards. J Agric Food Chem 39(8):1527–1532
Strusczyk M (2006) Global requirements for medical applications of chitin and its derivatives. Polish Chitin Society. P 98
Wanasundara P, Shahidi F (2012) Antioxidant: Science, technology and applications. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research Center, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s
Yen MT, Yang JH, Mau JL (2008) Antioxidant properties of chitosan from crab shells. Carbohydr Polym 74:840–844
Yen MT, Yang JH, Mau JL (2009) Physicochemical characterization of chitin and chitosan from crab shells. Carbohydr Polym 75:15–21
Zhao D, Huang J, Hu S, Mao J, Mei L (2011) Biochemical activities of N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan from squid cartilage. Carbohydr Polym 85:832–837
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the financial and technical support provided by the school of food science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu for carrying out this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sarbon, N., Sandanamsamy, S., Kamaruzaman, S. et al. Chitosan extracted from mud crab (Scylla olivicea) shells: physicochemical and antioxidant properties. J Food Sci Technol 52, 4266–4275 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1522-4
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1522-4