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Fine-scale population genetic structure in Artemia urmiana (Günther, 1890) based on mtDNA sequences and ISSR genomic fingerprinting

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Abstract

We investigated the genetic variability and population structure of the halophilic zooplankter Artemia urmiana from 15 different geographical locations of Lake Urmia using nucleotide sequences of COI (mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) and genomic fingerprinting by ISSR-PCR (inter-simple sequence repeats). According to sequence data, A. urmiana exhibits a high level of haplotype diversity with a low level of nucleotide diversity. The haplotype spanning network recognized 36 closely related unique haplotypes. ISSR profiles confirmed a substantial amount of genomic diversity with a low level of population structure. No apparent genetic structure was recognized in Lake Urmia but rather a random geographic distribution of genotypes indicating a high degree of panmixia. The population genetic data indicate the possibility of an individual’s relationship, implying that differentiation of individuals is not affected by ecological factors. Therefore, the A. urmiana population from Lake Urmia should be considered as a single management unit for conservation.

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Acknowledgements

A.E. is grateful to the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) for a PhD fellowship. We would like to express our appreciation to Alireza Asem, who provided samples of A. urmiana from the entire Lake Urmia. Thanks go to Theodor C.H. Cole for proofreading and for valuable suggestions regarding the manuscript.

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  1. Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Amin Eimanifar & Michael Wink

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  1. Amin Eimanifar
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Correspondence to Amin Eimanifar.

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Fig. S1

Bar plot of A. urmiana specimens showing admixture proportion of individuals for each locality calculated by STRUCTURE (K = 6). Sampling sites are shown below bar plot. In bar plot, each individual corresponds to a thin vertical line and the proportion of each locality is represented by its corresponding colours. (JPEG 377 kb)

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Eimanifar, A., Wink, M. Fine-scale population genetic structure in Artemia urmiana (Günther, 1890) based on mtDNA sequences and ISSR genomic fingerprinting. Org Divers Evol 13, 531–543 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-013-0135-5

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