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Anticarcinogenic Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil or Eugenol Toward Breast and Skin Cancer Cell Lines

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Abstract

The development of new green drugs is crucial because of the side effects and resistance to chemotropic drugs. Essential oils with a broad range of bioactivities such as antioxidant and anticancer activities are great resources for research and investigation. In this study, ingredients of the used Syzygium aromaticum essential oil (SAEO) were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The antioxidant effect of eugenol (major ingredients) was more potent than SAEO; their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were observed at 109 and 204 μg mL−1. Chitosan nanoparticles containing SAEO (158 ± 4 nm) and eugenol (200 ± 13 nm) were prepared using the ionic gelation method. The potency of the nanoformulations was significantly more than their non-formulated states on both examined cell lines. IC50s of chitosan nanoparticles containing SAEO and eugenol against melanoma (A-375) cells were obtained at 73 and 79 μg mL−1; these values on breast (MDA-MB-468) cells were 177 and 51 μg mL−1. Results showed that chitosan nanoparticles containing eugenol could be considered chemo-preventative or anticancer agents in further in vivo studies.

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Funding

This study was supported by Fasa University of Medical Sciences, grant no. 97430.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Valizadeh

  2. Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    Ali Asghar Khaleghi & Elham Zarenezhad

  3. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    Hiva Alipanah

  4. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran

    Mahmoud Osanloo

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  1. Alireza Valizadeh
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  2. Ali Asghar Khaleghi
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Correspondence to Mahmoud Osanloo.

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Valizadeh, A., Khaleghi, A.A., Alipanah, H. et al. Anticarcinogenic Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing Syzygium aromaticum Essential Oil or Eugenol Toward Breast and Skin Cancer Cell Lines. BioNanoSci. 11, 678–686 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-021-00880-z

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