Abstract
The pulsed W-band (the microwave frequency of 94 GHz, magnetic field of 3.4 T) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) comparative studies of a series of 20 atherosclerotic plaques (AP) obtained during carotid endarterectomy in patients with atherosclerosis is presented. The AP stability was established by ultrasound angiography. In all of the obtained species EPR spectra due to the presence of Mn2+ ions in a crystal matrix of hydroxyapatites (HAp) is observed. The existence of HAp in plaque fragments is confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses. The spectral parameters of Mn2+ are ascribed to two possible locations in the HAp constituent of the atherosclerotic plaques. The difference in the electronic relaxation times of T 2e for Mn2+ ions in stable and unstable plaques is observed that can indicate the more homogeneous distribution of Mn2+ in stable plaques as compared to unstable species. The results can be potentially used for the understanding the mechanisms of pathological calcifications and AP stability.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sharifpanah, F., & Sauer, H. (2016). Reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular diseases. In D. Armstrong & R. D. Stratton (Eds.), Oxidative stress and antioxidant protection: the science of free radical biology and disease (1st ed., pp. 281–307). New-York: Wiley.
González, R. G., Hirsch, J. A., Lev, M. H., et al. (2011). Acute ischemic stroke imaging and intervention. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.
Hutchenson, J. D., Goettsch, C., Bertazzo, S., et al. (2016). Genesis and growth of extracellular-vesicle-derived microcalcification in atherosclerotic plaques. Nature Materials, 15, 335–343.
Gafurov, M. R., Biktagirov, T. B., Mamin, G. V., et al. (2016). Study of the effects of hydroxyapatite nanocrystal codoping by pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance methods. Physics of the Solid State, 58, 469–474.
Schweiger, A., & Jeschke, G. (2001). Principles of pulse electron paramagnetic resonance. Oxford: OUP.
Geroulakos, G., Ramaswami, G., Labropoulos, N., et al. (1993). Characterization of symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid plaques using high resolution real-time ultrasonography. The British Journal of Surgery, 80, 1274–1277.
Picano, E., & Paterini, M. (2015). Ultrasound tissue characterization of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16, 10121–10133.
Gafurov, M., Biktagirov, T., Mamin, G., et al. (2015). The interplay of manganese and nitrate in hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as revealed by pulsed EPR and DFT. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17, 20331–20337.
Biktagirov, T., Gafurov, M., Mamin, G., et al. (2014). Combination of EPR measurements and DFT calculations to study nitrate impurities in the carbonated nanohydroxyapatite. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A, 118, 1519–1526.
Lozhkin, A. P., Biktagirov, T. B., Abdul’yanov, V. A., et al. (2010). Manganese as a potential marker of atherogenesis. Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics, 434, 254–256.
Lozhkin, A. P., Biktagirov, T. B., Abdul’yanov, V. A., et al. (2011). Manganese in atherogenesis: detection, origin, and a role. Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry, 5, 158–162.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the program of competitive growth of the Kazan Federal University and the subsidy allocated to the Kazan Federal University for the state assignment in the sphere of scientific activities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gafurov, M., Chelyshev, Y., Ignatyev, I. et al. Connection Between the Carotid Plaque Instability and Paramagnetic Properties of the Intrinsic Mn2+ Ions. BioNanoSci. 6, 558–560 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-016-0274-1
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-016-0274-1