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29Si NMR Chemical Shift Tensor and Electronic Structure of 7-Silanorbornadienes

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Abstract

The structure and bonding of 7-silanorbornadienes was investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR spectroscopy and density functional calculations. The solid state structures of four benzo-7-silanorbornadienes (4a, c, d, e) and of one dibenzo-7-silabenzonorbornadiene (5a) are reported and compared with the results of previous structural investigations. The most prominent features of the molecular structures of all 7-silanorbornadienes are very long Si-C(bridgehead) bonds (d(SiC) = 190.6–196.8 pm) and very acute CSiC bond angles α (α(CSiC) = 78.7–83.9°). All newly investigated 7-silanorborndienes show for tetracoordinated silicon nuclei extremely deshielded 29Si NMR resonances (δ29Si = 65.6–31.6). Solid State NMR investigations for 7-silanorbornadienes anti-4a, b reveal highly anisotropic chemical shift tensors of axial or nearly axial symmetry (4a: δ11 = 161, δ22 = δ33 = −11; 4b: δ11 = 113, δ22 = 14, δ33 = −15). The dominating, strongly deshielding δ11 component is oriented almost perpendicular to the plane spanned by the two bridgehead carbon atoms and the bridging silicon atom. The DFT calculations suggest that the origin of the strong deshielding is a small energy difference between the frontier orbitals, which are strongly localized at the silicon atom. In addition the computations reveal that both the long SiC bonds and the strongly deshielded 29Si NMR chemical shift are direct consequences of the bonding situation in 7-silanorbornadienes which are characterized by through space interaction of the C=C double bonds and by hyperconjugation between the SiC σ-bonds and the unoccupied orbitals of the C=C double bonds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Reine und Angewandte Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany

    Claudia Gerdes, Wolfgang Saak, Detlev Haase & Thomas Müller

  2. Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Humboldt Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Julia Schuppan & Arnd-Rüdiger Grimmer

  3. Institut für Analytische und Anorganische Chemie der, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

    Michael Bolte

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  1. Claudia Gerdes
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  2. Julia Schuppan
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  3. Arnd-Rüdiger Grimmer
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  4. Michael Bolte
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  5. Wolfgang Saak
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  6. Detlev Haase
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  7. Thomas Müller
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Correspondence to Thomas Müller.

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Dedicated to the Stanley Kipping Award Winner 2010, Prof. Dr. Yitzhak Apeloig

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Gerdes, C., Schuppan, J., Grimmer, AR. et al. 29Si NMR Chemical Shift Tensor and Electronic Structure of 7-Silanorbornadienes. Silicon 2, 217–227 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-010-9065-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-010-9065-4

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