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Alterations in Faecal Microbiota and Elevated Levels of Intestinal IgA Following Oral Administration of Lacticaseibacillus casei in mice

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Abstract

The intestinal microbiota has been identified as a crucial regulator of the overall health, with studies describing its influence in a variety of disorders and developmental processes throughout the body. A widely accepted approach of influencing the microbiota and regulating its functionality in health or disease is the consumption of probiotics. In this study, we aimed to identify the impact of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus casei ATCC393 on the intestinal microbiota of mice and circulating soluble products of microbial origin or the immune system. Investigation of the gut microflora using next-generation sequencing analysis revealed alterations in the microbial populations following consumption of the probiotic. Abundance of taxa classified as Muribaculaceae was increased in lactobacilli-fed animals, while abundance of taxa classified as Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae was decreased. In addition, the composition of the intestinal microbiota was modified by the administration of L. casei, as evident by the clustering of test subjects when inspecting beta diversity, without however any significant effect on the alpha diversity of the animals. Finally, production of IgA in the intestinal lumen of mice that had received the microorganism was significantly increased, as was the concentration of lactic acid, while levels of acetic acid were noticeably lower in the L. casei group. The findings suggest that L. casei can be considered a potential candidate strain for the modulation of intestinal homeostasis and a component of dietary interventions aiming to improve overall health.

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Data Availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are available from the corresponding author on request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Associate Professor Nicholas M Glykos for his help during the Bioinformatics analysis and Dr. Anastasios Nikolaou for the analysis of samples in the HPLC studies.

Funding

This research is co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund-ESF) through the Operational Programme «Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning» in the context of the project “Strengthening Human Resources Research Potential via Doctorate Research” (MIS-5000432), implemented by the State Scholarships Foundation (ΙΚΥ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, University, Campus Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece

    Georgios Aindelis & Katerina Chlichlia

  2. Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece

    Petros Ypsilantis

Authors
  1. Georgios Aindelis
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  2. Petros Ypsilantis
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  3. Katerina Chlichlia
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katerina Chlichlia.

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Ethics Approval

Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Veterinary Department of Evros Prefecture (license number 4766/28–3-2013) since it complied with the requirements set by Directive 86/609/EEC and PD 160/91.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

12602_2021_9864_MOESM1_ESM.png

Supplementary file1 (PNG 233 KB): SI Fig. 1 Rarefaction curves of all samples. The sequencing depth of all samples was sufficient to capture most of the diversity

12602_2021_9864_MOESM2_ESM.png

Supplementary file2 (PNG 237 KB): SI Fig. 2 Bar plots representing class and order relative abundance in Lactobacillus or PBS administered mice. Each bar corresponds to the relative abundance of taxa from individual animals. No statistically significant (fdr<0.05) differences were observed

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Supplementary file3 (PNG 156 KB): SI Fig. 3 Beta diversity principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) using unweighted UniFrac distance. Differences between the groups were assessed on the inferred ASVs with PERMANOVA (9999 permutations) and were found to not be statistically significant (p>0.05). Indicators represent microbial compositions of individual mice

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Aindelis, G., Ypsilantis, P. & Chlichlia, K. Alterations in Faecal Microbiota and Elevated Levels of Intestinal IgA Following Oral Administration of Lacticaseibacillus casei in mice. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 15, 524–534 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-021-09864-7

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