Abstract
The production of beauvericin (BEA) by Fusarium oxysporum AB2 in liquid medium (SmF) was compared to that on solid medium (SSF) on inert support (polyurethane foam or PUF), using a previously optimised medium. The analysis included two different concentrations of the medium (1 × and 3 ×). Under SSF, the production of BEA (22.8 mg·L−1) was higher relative to SmF (0.8 mg·L−1). The production increased proportionally in the concentrated medium (3 ×) (65.3 mg·L−1); using the concentrated medium in SmF, the production of BEA was completely inhibited, although more biomass was produced. The peak of BEA production was reached on day 7 and remained stable until day 11; sustained production after several days has not been achieved in similar reports. The presence of BEA was corroborated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. The BEA production profile is shown performing mixed cultures of Fusarium oxysporum AB2 and Epicoccum nigrum TORT using the same system, increasing the production of BEA up to 84.6 mg·L−1. We propose SSF using polyurethane foam (PUF) as a solid support as a new culture system for obtaining secondary metabolites such as BEA.
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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- BEA:
-
Beauvericin
- SSF:
-
Solid medium
- SmF:
-
Liquid medium
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- PUF:
-
Polyurethane foam
- MALDI:
-
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful for the financial support of the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana for this research. We also thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the fellowship granted to J.N. Vásquez-Bonilla (745861).
Funding
This work was funded by the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the fellowship granted to Vásquez-Bonilla J.Norberto. (745861).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by JNV-B, OL and JEB-F. The first draft of the manuscript was written by JNV-B, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Vásquez-Bonilla, J.N., Barranco-Florido, J.E., Ponce-Alquicira, E. et al. Improvement of beauvericin production by Fusarium oxysporum AB2 under solid-state fermentation using an optimised liquid medium and co-cultures. Mycotoxin Res 38, 175–183 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-022-00458-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-022-00458-y