Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nightly Variation in Sleep Influences Self-efficacy for Adhering to a Healthy Lifestyle: A Prospective Study

  • Full length manuscript
  • Published:
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Self-efficacy, or the perceived capability to engage in a behavior, has been shown to play an important role in adhering to weight loss treatment. Given that adherence is extremely important for successful weight loss outcomes and that sleep and self-efficacy are modifiable factors in this relationship, we examined the association between sleep and self-efficacy for adhering to the daily plan. Investigators examined whether various dimensions of sleep were associated with self-efficacy for adhering to the daily recommended lifestyle plan among participants (N = 150) in a 12-month weight loss study.

Method

This study was a secondary analysis of data from a 12-month prospective observational study that included a standard behavioral weight loss intervention. Daily assessments at the beginning of day (BOD) of self-efficacy and the previous night’s sleep were collected in real-time using ecological momentary assessment.

Results

The analysis included 44,613 BOD assessments. On average, participants reported sleeping for 6.93 ± 1.28 h, reported 1.56 ± 3.54 awakenings, and gave low ratings for trouble sleeping (3.11 ± 2.58; 0: no trouble; 10: a lot of trouble) and mid-high ratings for sleep quality (6.45 ± 2.09; 0: poor; 10: excellent). Participants woke up feeling tired 41.7% of the time. Using linear mixed effects modeling, a better rating in each sleep dimension was associated with higher self-efficacy the following day (all p values < .001).

Conclusion

Our findings supported the hypothesis that better sleep would be associated with higher levels of reported self-efficacy for adhering to the healthy lifestyle plan.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Franz MJ, VanWormer JJ, Crain AL, et al. Weight-loss outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of weight-loss clinical trials with a minimum 1-year follow-up. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107(10):1755–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Zarzour A, Kim HW, Weintraub NL. Understanding obesity-related cardiovascular disease: it’s all about balance. Circulation. 2018;138(1):64–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wilding JPH, Jacob S. Cardiovascular outcome trials in obesity: A review. Obesity reviews : An official J Int Assoc Stud of Obes. 2020.

  4. Ogden CL, Fryar CD, Martin CB, et al. Trends in obesity prevalence by race and Hispanic origin-1999–2000 to 2017–2018. JAMA : The Journal of the American Medical Association. 2020.

  5. Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Sleep, circadian rhythm and body weight: parallel developments. Proc Nutr Soc. 2016;75(4):431–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ford ES, Cunningham TJ, Croft JB. Trends in self-reported sleep duration among US adults from 1985 to 2012. Sleep. 2015;38(5):829–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Xiao Q, Arem H, Moore SC, Hollenbeck AR, Matthews CE. A large prospective investigation of sleep duration, weight change, and obesity in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178(11):1600–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Patel SR, Malhotra A, White DP, Gottlieb DJ, Hu FB. Association between reduced sleep and weight gain in women. Am J Epidemiol. 2006;164(10):947–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Chaput JP. Associations among self-perceived work and life stress, trouble sleeping, physical activity, and body weight among Canadian adults. Prev Med. 2017;96:16–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Sa J, Samuel T, Chaput JP, Chung J, Grigsby-Toussaint DS, Lee J. Sex and racial/ethnic differences in sleep quality and its relationship with body weight status among US college students. J Am Coll Health. 2019:1–8.

  11. Bandura A. The primacy of self-regulation in health promotion. Appl Psychol. 2005;54:245–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev. 1977;84(2):191–215.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Nezami BT, Lang W, Jakicic JM, et al. The effect of self-efficacy on behavior and weight in a behavioral weight-loss intervention. Health Psychol : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association. 2016.

  14. Warziski MT, Sereika SM, Styn MA, Music E, Burke LE. Changes in self-efficacy and dietary adherence: the impact on weight loss in the PREFER study. J Behav Med. 2008;31(1):81–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Goode R, Ye L, Zheng Y, Ma Q, Sereika SM, Burke LE. The impact of racial and socioeconomic disparities on binge eating and self-efficacy among adults in a behavioral weight loss trial. Health Soc Work. 2016;41(3):e60–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Choo J, Kang H. Predictors of initial weight loss among women with abdominal obesity: a path model using self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviour. J Adv Nurs. 2015;71(5):1087–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Armitage CJ, Wright CL, Parfitt G, Pegington M, Donnelly LS, Harvie MN. Self-efficacy for temptations is a better predictor of weight loss than motivation and global self-efficacy: evidence from two prospective studies among overweight/obese women at high risk of breast cancer. Patient Educ Couns. 2014;95(2):254–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Barber L, Grawitch MJ, Munz DC. Are better sleepers more engaged workers? A self-regulatory approach to sleep hygiene and work engagement. Stress Health. 2013;29(4):307–16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Barber LK, Munz DC, Bagsby PG, Powell ED. Sleep consistency and sufficiency: are both necessary for less psychological strain? Stress and Health: Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress. 2010;26(3):186–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Zheng Y, Burke LE, Danford CA, Ewing LJ, Terry MA, Sereika SM. Patterns of self-weighing behavior and weight change in a weight loss trial. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40(9):1392–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Burke LE, Shiffman S, Music E, et al. Ecological momentary assessment in behavioral research: addressing technological and human participant challenges. J Med Internet Res. 2017;19(3):e77.

  22. Shiffman S, Stone AA, Hufford MR. Ecological momentary assessment. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2008;4(1):1–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sun R, Rohay JM, Sereika SM, Zheng Y, Yu Y, Burke LE. Psychometric evaluation of the Barriers to Healthy Eating Scale: results from four independent weight loss studies. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2019;27(5):700–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Enders CK, Tofighi D. Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: a new look at an old issue. Psychol Methods. 2007;12(2):121–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Cressie N. Statistics for Spatial Data. New York: Wiley; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Harville DA. Maximum likelihood approaches to variance component estimation and to related problems. J Am Stat Assoc. 1977;72:320–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Wang J, Ye L, Zheng Y, Burke LE. Impact of perceived barriers to healthy eating on diet and weight in a 24-month behavioral weight loss trial. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2015;47(5):432–436 e431.

  28. Annesi JJ, Johnson PH, McEwen KL. Changes in self-efficacy for exercise and improved nutrition fostered by increased self-regulation among adults with obesity. J Primary Prevent. 2015;36(5):311–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Baranowski T, Lin L, Wetter D, Resnicow K, Hearn M. Theory as mediating variables: why aren’t community interventions working as desired? Ann Epidemiol. 1997;7(Suppl):S89–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Baumeister R, Bratslavsky E, Muraven M, Tice D. Ego depletion: is the active self a limited resource? J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998;74(5):1252–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Baumeister T, Vohs K, Tice D. The strength model of self-control. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2007;16:351–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Diestel S, Rivkin W, Schmidt KH. Sleep quality and self-control capacity as protective resources in the daily emotional labor process: results from two diary studies. J Appl Psychol. 2015;100(3):809–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Fillo J, Alfano CA, Paulus DJ, et al. Emotion dysregulation explains relations between sleep disturbance and smoking quit-related cognition and behavior. Addict Behav. 2016;57:6–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Schmitt A, Belschak FD, Den Hartog DN. Feeling vital after a good night’s sleep: the interplay of energetic resources and self-efficacy for daily proactivity. J Occup Health Psychol. 2017;22(4):443–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Althubaiti A. Information bias in health research: definition, pitfalls, and adjustment methods. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2016.

  36. Lauderdale DS, Knutson KL, Yan LL, Liu K, Rathouz PJ. Self-reported and measured sleep duration: how similar are they? Epidemiology. 2008;19(6):838–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Carroll R, Ruppert D, Stefanksi L, Crainiceanu C. Measurement error in nonlinear models: a modern perspective. Second ed: Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2006.

  38. Matthews KA, Patel SR, Pantesco EJ, et al. Similarities and differences in estimates of sleep duration by polysomnography, actigraphy, diary, and self-reported habitual sleep in a community sample. Sleep Health. 2018;4(1):96–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Cao Y, Wittert G, Taylor AW, Adams R, Shi Z. Associations between macronutrient intake and obstructive sleep apnoea as well as self-reported sleep symptoms: results from a cohort of community dwelling Australian men. Nutrients. 2016;8(4):207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Verwimp J, Ameye L, Bruyneel M. Correlation between sleep parameters, physical activity and quality of life in somnolent moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea adult patients. Sleep Breath. 2013;17(3):1039–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was funded by the NIH, NHLBI: R01HL107370 (PI: L.E. Burke); R01HL107370-S (PI: Mendez, Diversity Supplement), K23HL118318 (PI: Kline).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Lora E. Burke, Eileen R. Chasens, Christopher C. Imes & Jacob K. Kariuki

  2. Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Christopher E. Kline

  3. Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Lora E. Burke, Dara D. Mendez & Andrea Kriska

  4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Saul Shiffman

  5. Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA

    Yaguang Zheng

  6. Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA

    Mia I. Cajita

  7. Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Linda Ewing

  8. School of Social Work, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Rachel Goode

  9. School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Meghan Mattos

  10. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA

    Stephen L. Rathbun

  11. Department of Health & Community Systems, School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, 415 Victoria Building, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    Lora E. Burke

Authors
  1. Lora E. Burke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christopher E. Kline
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dara D. Mendez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Saul Shiffman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Eileen R. Chasens
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yaguang Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Christopher C. Imes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Mia I. Cajita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Linda Ewing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Rachel Goode
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Meghan Mattos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Jacob K. Kariuki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Andrea Kriska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. Stephen L. Rathbun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lora E. Burke.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in this study, which involved human participants, were in accordance with the ethical standards of the University of Pittsburgh and the National Institutes of Health and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study prior to any data collection.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 21 KB)

Supplementary file2 (DOCX 43 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Burke, L.E., Kline, C.E., Mendez, D.D. et al. Nightly Variation in Sleep Influences Self-efficacy for Adhering to a Healthy Lifestyle: A Prospective Study. Int.J. Behav. Med. 29, 377–386 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10022-0

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10022-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation