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Characterization of pore structure in Carboniferous–Permian gas shales and tight sandstones of the coal-bearing succession in the Qinshui Basin, north China

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Abstract 

Both shales and tight sandstones have complex and heterogeneous pore systems that largely determine reservoir quality. However, there are few published data integrating the pore structure of shales and tight sandstones in coal-bearing sequences. This study presents a pore structure characterization of the Carboniferous–Permian (C3t–P1s) shales and tight sandstones of the Taiyuan-Shanxi coal-bearing succession in the Qinshui Basin of Shanxi Province, north China. Methods employed to investigate the nanoscale pore structure (< 100 nm) of shales include low-pressure CO2 adsorption at 273 K and N2 adsorption at 77 K, whereas high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI) analysis has been used to quantify the pore structure of tight sandstones.

The results indicated that the C3t–P1s transitional shales entered the high maturity stage and contain abundant quartz, clay minerals, and organic matter (OM). Pores in shales are mainly hosted in OM and clay minerals with a wide range of total pore volumes (PVtotal = 0.021–0.040 cm3/g) and total specific surface areas (SSAtotal = 9.98–26.46 m2/g), which are mostly represented by micropores and mesopores. Micropores in the shales were predominantly controlled by the OM, whereas mesopore and macropore development was clearly controlled by clay content. The contribution of clay-hosted pores to shale porosity was much greater than that of OM pores. The C3t–P1s tight sandstones feature abundant pores at sizes smaller than 100 nm with complex pore structures. Larger pore throats (> rapex) with good connectivity account for only a small fraction of the total pore volume but show significant controls on the sandstone permeability. Unlike the clay minerals and quartz in the shales, clay minerals play a negative role in sandstone porosity and permeability, whereas the quartz content contributes positively to reservoir properties due to residual primary intergranular pores. Feldspar and ankerite in the sandstones help to generate secondary dissolved pores, which greatly improve reservoir quality.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Shanxi Provincial Coal Geology Geophysical Prospecting, Surveying and Mapping Institute for sample support.

Funding

This study was jointly supported by the China Scholarship Council (CSC), the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing, China [NO. cstc2021jcyjmsxmX0733] and the Research Funding from Chongqing University of Science and Technology [NO. 182001003].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chongqing Academy of Economics Research, Chongqing, 401147, China

    Jun Li

  2. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geoscience (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Shuheng Tang

  3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA

    Frank Ettensohn & Edward Lo

  4. Shanxi Provincial Coal Geology Geophysical Prospecting, Surveying and Mapping Institute, Jinzhong, 030600, Shanxi, China

    Youyi Shen

  5. School of Petroleum Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China

    Zhengjian Xu

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  1. Jun Li
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Li, J., Tang, S., Ettensohn, F. et al. Characterization of pore structure in Carboniferous–Permian gas shales and tight sandstones of the coal-bearing succession in the Qinshui Basin, north China. Arab J Geosci 15, 1125 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10325-w

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