Abstract
To evaluate the quality of the subgrade reinforcement by dynamic compaction (DC), a dynamic finite element model was established based on the soil cap yield hardening model. A subroutine was performed to simulate the parameters (e.g., modulus of soil) changing with drop numbers. The numerical results agreed well with the results of the field test, which validated the reliability of the proposed numerical method. The optimal drop number, the degree of compaction in different zones, and density contour of the silty subgrade under 1500kN·m were analyzed by both numerical simulations and field tests. Results indicate that the multi-point tamping mainly improves the degree of compaction between adjacent impact points, producing a “dumbbell-shaped” soil spatial distribution pattern. The ironing compaction can effectively improve the soil within the depth of 1.2 ~ 1.3 m for the shallow soil layer, which makes the density of soil more uniform. Through field test, the static resilience modulus of silty subgrade reinforced by DC is around 50 MPa. The post-construction settlement of the subgrade constructed by DC is less than that by layered filling, indicating that the quality of subgrade treated by DC is reliable.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bo MW, Na YM, Arulrajah A, Chang MF (2009) Densification of granular soil by dynamic compaction. Proc Inst Civ Eng Ground Improv 162(3):121–132
Chow YK, Yong DM, Yong KY, Lee SL (1992a) Dynamic compaction analysis. J Geotech Eng 118(8):1141–1157
Chow YK, Yong DM, Yong KY, Lee SL (1992b) Dynamic compaction of loose sand deposits. Soils Found 32(4):93–106
Chow YK, Yong DM, Yong KY, Lee SL (1994) Dynamic compaction of loose granular soils: effect of print spacing. J Geotech Eng 120(7):1115–1133
Cui XZ, Shang QS, Yao ZY (2008) The application of dynamic compaction to the reconstruction of old road to expressway and its generalization. J Shandong Univ Eng Sci 38(4):53–56 (In Chinese)
Dou J, Chen J, Wang W (2019) Method for estimating the degree of improvement in soil between adjacent tamping locations under dynamic compaction. Int J Geomech 19(12):04019134
Feng SJ, Shui WH, Tan K, Gao LY, He LJ (2010) Field evaluation of dynamic compaction on granular deposits. J Perform Constr Facil 25(3):241–249
Feng SJ, Tan K, Shui WH (2013) Densification of desert sands by high energy dynamic compaction. Eng Geol 157(8):48–54
Feng SJ, Lu SF, Shi ZM (2014) Densification of loosely deposited soft soils using the combined consolidation method. Eng Geol 181:169–179
Feng SJ, Du FL, Shi ZM, Shui WH, Tan K (2015a) Field study on the reinforcement of collapsible loess using dynamic compaction. Eng Geol 185:105–115
Feng SJ, Tan K, Shui WH (2015b) Dynamic compaction of ultra-high energy in combination with ground replacement in coastal reclamation areas. Mar Georesour Geotechnol 33(2):109–121
Ghassemi A, Pak A, Shahir H (2010) Numerical study of the coupled hydro-mechanical effects in dynamic compaction of saturated granular soils. Comput Geotech 37(1–2):10–24
Gu Q, Lee FH (2002) Ground response to dynamic compaction of dry sand. Géotechnique 52(7):481–493
Helwany S (2007) Applied soil mechanics with ABAQUS applications. John Wiley and Sons
Lee FH, Gu Q (2004) Method for estimating dynamic compaction effect on sand. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 130(2):139–152
Li XJ, Li SC, Yao K, Zhu SC, Lv GR (2011) Test study of changing rules of excess pore water pressure during dynamic consolidation at subgrade of expressway in Yellow River flood area. Rock Soil Mech 32(09):2815–2820 (In Chinese)
Lukas R (1995) Geotechnical engineering circular No. 1-dynamic compaction R. United States. Federal Highway Administration. Office of Technology Applications
Luo H, Zou JF, Li L, Yang XL, Guo NZ, He CM (2007) Zhao LH (2007) Test study on soil dynamic stress diffusion and deformation during dynamic compaction roadbed primed with large granule red sandstone. Chin J Rock Mech Eng S1:2701–2706 (In Chinese)
Mayne PW, Jones JS Jr (1983) Impact stresses during dynamic compaction. J Geotech Eng 109(10):1342–1346
Mayne PW, Jones JS Jr, Dumas JC (1984) Ground response to dynamic compaction. J Geotech Eng 110(6):757–774
Nashed R (2006) Liquefaction mitigation of silty soils using dynamic compaction. State University of New York at Buffalo
Oshima A, Takada N (1997) Relation between distance of tamper impact points and improvement depth by heavy tamping-Design procedure of the basis of ram momentum for sandy ground. Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu 568(39):147–159
Oshima A, Takada N, Tanaka Y (1996) Relation between compacted area and ram momentum by heavy tamping-Density and strength increases due to single point tamping. Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu 554(37):185–196
Perucho A, Olalla C (2006) Dynamic consolidation of a saturated plastic clayey fill. Proc Inst Civ Eng Ground Improv 10(2):55–68
Poran CJ, Rodriguez JA (1992) Design of dynamic compaction. Can Geotech J 29(5):796–802
Roesset E, Kausel JM, Cuéllar V, Monte JL, Valerio J (1994) Impact weight falling onto the ground. J Geotech Eng 120(8):1394–1412
Shenthan T, Nashed R, Thevanayagam S, Martin GR (2004) Liquefaction mitigation in silty soils using composite stone columns and dynamic compaction. Earthq Eng Eng Vib 3(1):39–50
Shi LJ (2010) A research on effect of dynamic compaction and improvement to red clay filling subgrade. Dissertation, Changsha University of Technology
Wang W, Chen JJ, Wang JH (2017) Estimation method for ground deformation of granular soils caused by dynamic compaction. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 92:266–278
Yao K, Yao ZY, Song XG, Shang QS (2011) Test study of pore water pressure during dynamic compaction at the subgrade of highway in the Yellow River Flood Area. Adv Mater Res 374–377:436–439
Zhang R, Sun Y, Song E (2019) Simulation of dynamic compaction and analysis of its efficiency with the material point method. Comput Geotech 116:103218
Zhou C, Jiang H, Yao Z, Li H, Yang CJ, Chen LC, Geng XY (2020) Evaluation of dynamic compaction to improve saturated foundation based on the fluid-solid coupled method with soil cap model. Comput Geotech 125:103686
Funding
Financial supports from the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR202102240826; ZR202102220682), Shandong Transportation Science and Technology Foundation (2016B20, 2019B47_2, 2020B06), Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University, and Young Scholar Future Plan Funds of Shandong University are gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Communicated by Zeynal Abiddin Erguler.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qi, H., Yang, C., Hu, C. et al. Analysis on improvement effect of subgrade by dynamic compaction. Arab J Geosci 14, 2281 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08664-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08664-1