Abstract
Based on an analysis of drawbacks in the existing graphical display of complex area objects in embedded system, the paper introduces a new method termed as consecutive boundary organization (CBO) which is able to convert a large number of separate polygons belonging to the same area object into a single consecutive stroke fitting for quick display. The working principle of the CBO method is demonstrated in three cases that can typically occur to the real-world concept “lake”: (1) a lake with an island in it, (2) a lake with multiple islands, and (3) the nested lake-island-lake. In spite of complicated inclusion relationships, the CBO method can always construct an integral stroke with neither information loss nor redundancy. Experiments with a real dataset of lakes and islands from North America have proved the feasibility and efficiency of the CBO method. Due to its generic nature, the CBO method can be applied to any other complex area objects with multiple polygons and inclusion levels.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berg M, Van Kreveld M, Overmars M, Schwarzkopf O (1997) Computational geometry: algorithms and applications, 2nd edn. Springer, New York
Bessmeltsev M, Wang C, Sheffer A, Singh K (2012) Design-driven quadrangulation of closed 3D curves. ACM Trans Graph 31(6) ACM
Buttenfield BP, McMaster RB (2001) Map generalization: making rules for knowledge representation. Longman Scientific & Technical, New York
Cormen H, Leiserson E, Rivest L, Stein C (2001) Minimum spanning trees. Introduction to algorithms, 2nd edn, vol. 23. MIT Press, Cambridge, pp 561–579
Funkhouser A, Séquin H (1993) Adaptive display algorithm for interactive frame rates during visualization of complex virtual environments. Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 93:247–254
Li G, Liu L (2013) Geometry curves: a compact representation for 3D shapes, Graphical models, vol 75, No. 5. ACM, New York, pp 265–278
Liang J, Gong J, Li W, Ibrahim AN (2014) A visualization-oriented 3D method for efficient computation of urban solar radiation based on 3D–2D surface mapping. Int J Geogr Inf Sci 28(4):780–798 Taylor & Francis
McCallum D, Avis D (1979) A linear algorithm for finding the convex hull of a simple polygon. Inf Process Lett 9:201–206
McGraw H (2006) McGraw Hill encyclopedia of science and technology. McGraw-Hill Professional Press, New York
Megiddo N, Tamir A (1993) Linear time algorithms for some separable quadratic programming problems. Oper Res Lett 13(4):203–211
Nakamura Y, Mizuta S, Matsuda T (2006) Simplification and visualization of 3D digital images using region-based contour trees, IPSJ SIG Technical Reports, 2006(119)(CG-125), 59–64
Parker G, Franck G, Ware C (1998) Visualization of large nested graphs in 3D: navigation and interaction. J Vis Lang Comput 9(3):299–317
Samet H (2000) The design and analysis of spatial data structures. Addison-Wesley, Reading
Sibbing D, Kobbelt L (2007) Fast interactive region of interest selection for volume visualization. Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 12:338–342
Sickel V (2004) GIS basis. CRC, Boca Raton
Tang R (2001) Computer graphics tutorial. Science Press, Beijing
Wu J, Leou J (1993) New polygonal approximation schemes for object shape representation. Pattern Recogn 26(4):471–484
Zhang J, Zhu Y (2015) A method based on graphic entity for visualizing complex map symbols on the web. Cartogr Geogr Inf Sci 42(1):44–53 Taylor & Francis
Funding
The research described in this article was co-sponsored by (1) a joint research program among Wuhan KOTEI Technology Corporation, Technische Universität München, and Hubei University of Technology and supported by (2) National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2015AA124002) and (3) National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41301424).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gong, H., Zhang, M., Wang, J. et al. A generic method to organize boundaries of complex polygons for embedded devices. Arab J Geosci 11, 238 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3575-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3575-6