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Early and Accurate Detection of Radiation-induced Heart Damage by Cardiodynamicsgram

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Abstract

Cardiodynamicsgram (CDG) has emerged recently as a noninvasive spatiotemporal electrocardiographic method for subtle cardiac dynamics information analysis within electrocardiogram (ECG). This study explored the feasibility of CDG for detecting radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) in a rat model. A single radiation dose of 40 Gy was delivered to the cardiac apex of female Wistar rats. First, CDG was generated through dynamic modeling of ECG signals using the deterministic learning algorithm. Furthermore, CDG indexes were calculated using the wavelet transform and entropy. In this model, CDG entropy indexes decreased significantly after radiotherapy. The shape of CDG changed significantly after radiotherapy (irregular shape) compared with controls (regular shape). Macrophage and fibrosis in myocardium of rats increased significantly after radiotherapy. CDG changes after radiotherapy were significantly correlated with histopathological changes and occurred significantly earlier than histopathological changes. This study provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of CDG for the early detection of RIHD.

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Data Availability

The data underlying this article will be made available on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

CDG:

Cardiodynamicsgram

RIHD:

Radiation-induced heart damage

RT:

Radiotherapy

ECG:

Electrocardiogram

SARRP:

Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

VCG:

Vectorcardiography

IHC:

Immunohistochemical

ANOVA:

One-way analysis of variance

SD:

Standard deviation

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Funding

This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021QH008), the Bethune Charitable Foundation (flzh202116), and the Natural Science Foundation of China (82203218). This study was further supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC81872475, NSFC82073345) and the Jinan Clinical Medicine Science and Technology Innovation Plan (202019060), and the Major Basic Program of Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2020ZD40).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China

    Yuanyuan Tao, Yuchun Wei & Shuanghu Yuan

  2. School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China

    Qinghua Sun, Chunmiao Liang, Jiali Li & Cong Wang

  3. Center for Intelligent Medical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China

    Qinghua Sun & Cong Wang

  4. Electrocardiogram Room, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China

    Shanshan Tang

  5. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China

    Jinli Pei & Yang Li

  6. Center for Intelligent Medical Engineering, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China

    Cong Wang

  7. Shandong Cancer Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China

    Shuanghu Yuan

Authors
  1. Yuanyuan Tao
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Contributions

YSH and WC designed the study; TYY and WYC analyzed data; TYY wrote the paper; SQH, LCM, and LJL contributed to the CDG analysis; TSS, PJL and LY revised the paper. All authors have read and approved the final version of the article.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Cong Wang or Shuanghu Yuan.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

The animal experiments and procedures were performed with the approval of the Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute of Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. No human studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Associate Editor Nicola Smart oversaw the review of this article

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Yuanyuan Tao, Qinghua Sun, and Yuchun Wei these authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

12265_2023_10419_Fig7_ESM.png

Supplementary Fig. 1 Dose distributions in the transverse, sagittal, and coronal sections and dose–volume histogram (DVH) (PNG 489 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 1792 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2 Placement method for the stainless-steel electrode (PNG 931 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 3151 kb)

12265_2023_10419_Fig9_ESM.png

Supplementary Fig. 3 Typical CDG changes in rat at different time points after RT. Control: Before RT; 3d: third day after RT; 5d: fifth day after RT; 1w: 1 week after RT; 2w: 2 weeks after RT; 3w: 3 weeks after RT; 1 m: 1 month after RT; 2 m: 2 months after RT; 3 m: 3 months after RT; 6 m: 6 months after RT (PNG 962 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 2908 kb)

12265_2023_10419_Fig10_ESM.png

Supplementary Fig. 4 Changes in QT interval and RR interval in ECG after RT. A: QT interval; B: RR interval. n = 4 each time point, radiation vs control, ****P < 0.0001 (PNG 65 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 323 kb)

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 25 kb)

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Tao, Y., Sun, Q., Wei, Y. et al. Early and Accurate Detection of Radiation-induced Heart Damage by Cardiodynamicsgram. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 17, 242–251 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-023-10419-0

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