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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: a Systematic Review of Preclinical In Vivo Studies

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Abstract

Several prior studies have highlighted the promise of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as tools for treating myocardial infarction (MI) patients. While MSCs were initially thought to mediate post-MI repair through differentiation and replacement of injured cells, they are now thought to function by releasing exosomes carrying important cargos which can prevent apoptosis and facilitate revascularization in the context of MI. Herein, we comprehensively survey prior preclinical studies examining MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) utility for the repair of MI-related tissue injury. In total, 24 relevant studies were identified in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases as per the PRISMA guidelines. In most studies, exosome-treated rodents exhibited improved cardiac function and angiogenesis together with decreased apoptotic cell death. MSC-Exos thus offer beneficial therapeutic efficacy when treating MI injury. However, further work will be necessary to standardize experimental preclinical models and to validate these results.

Graphical abstract

This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of previous preclinical studies on the utility of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the repair of myocardial infarction (MI) injury.

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Abbreviations

ATV:

Atorvastatin

CSCs:

Cardiac stem cells

EVs:

Extracellular vesicles

HF:

Heart failure

LAD:

Left anterior descending artery

lncRNAs:

Long non-coding RNAs

LV:

Left ventricular

LVEF:

Left ventricular ejection fraction

LVFS:

Left ventricular fractional shortening

LVESD:

Left ventricular end-systolic diameter

LVEDD:

Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter

Mecp2:

Methyl CpG binding protein 2

MI:

Myocardial infarction

MIF:

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor

miRNA:

MicroRNA

mRNA:

Messenger RNA

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

MSC-Exos:

MSC-derived exosomes

vWF:

von Willebrand factor

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81973787) and the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China (2019M660574).

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  1. Hui Meng and Weiting Cheng have contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Meng, Weiting Cheng, Lei Wang, Shiqi Chen, Yu Teng, Ziwen Lu, Yang Li & Mingjing Zhao

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  1. Hui Meng
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  2. Weiting Cheng
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  3. Lei Wang
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  4. Shiqi Chen
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  5. Yu Teng
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  7. Yang Li
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  8. Mingjing Zhao
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Contributions

H.M. and W.T.C. have contributed equally to this work. Theme and design of the research: H.M.; article retrieval: H.M. and L.W.; data extraction: S.Q.C., Y.T., Z.W.L., Y.L., and W.T.C.; verification of data: H.M.; writing of the manuscript: H.M.; critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: W.T.C. and M.J.Z.; obtaining funding: M.J.Z. and H.M.

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Correspondence to Mingjing Zhao.

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Meng, H., Cheng, W., Wang, L. et al. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: a Systematic Review of Preclinical In Vivo Studies. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 15, 317–339 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-021-10168-y

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