Abstract
Background
Traditionally outcomes of treatment have been limited to survival. However, the disease and its treatment may have an impact on Quality-of- Life (QoL). The major concerns for patients of carcinoma breast involved are survival, appearance and a fear of recurrence. In Indian society we may need a separate and modified approach to assess QoL.
Aims & objective
The aim of this study was to assess the QoL of patients of carcinoma breast and to ascertaining pitfalls for suitable correction in future studies on Indian patients.
Materials & methods
250 diagnosed patients of carcinoma breast were studied by a questionnaire on physical and psychological parameters. The results were assessed for applicability to our clientele.
Results
We found that majority of patients enjoy a good and non-capacitating QoL. Factors that may contribute to poorer health perceptions and QoL include experiencing a menopausal transition as part of therapy, and feeling more vulnerable after cancer. Overall QoL was better in the older and illiterate patients. Patients with no co morbidity and early stage disease fared better against patients with co morbidities and advanced stage of malignancy.
The parameters used in QoL studies in west may not be directly applicable to Indian patients but it does give us a start. We need to adapt to these parameters and draw our conclusion. But there are many methodological challenges inherent in working with our population. Researchers interested in studying our clientele’s QoL need to be cognizant of certain issues to ensure high quality results.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Olschewski M, Schilgen G, Schumacher M, Altman DG (1994) Quality-of-Life assessment in clinical cancer research. Br J Cancer 70:1–5
McCarthy DM (1995) Quality-of-Life: A critical assessment. Scand J Gastroenterol 30(Suppl 208):141–146
Leighton Reid J (1993) The new era of Quality-of-Life assessment. In: Walker SR, Rosser RM (Eds.), Quality-of-Life Assessments: Key issues in the 1990s. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
O’Boyle CA (1992) Assessment of Quality-of-Life in surgery. Br J Surg 79:395–398
Steinbrocker O, Traeger CH, Batterman RC (1949) Therapeutic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis. JAMA 140(8):659–662
Schover L (1991) The impact of breast cancer on sexuality, body image, and intimate relationships. Cancer J Clin 41: 112–120
Epi 6 software is trademark of centre for disease control and Prevention (CDC). It is freely available for use, copying, translation and distribution.
Feinstein AR (1970) The pre-therapeutic classification of comorbidity in chronic disease. J Chron Dis 23:455–469
Peto R (1998) Mortality from breast cancer in U.K. has decreased suddenly. Br Med J 317:476–477
Sprangers MA, Groenvold M., Arraras JI, et al. (1996) The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Breast Cancer—specific Quality-of-Life questionnaire module: first results from a three-country field study. J Clin Oncol 14:2756–2768
Kiebert GM, de Haes JC, van de Velde CJ (1991) The impact of breast-conserving treatment and mastectomy on the Quality-of-Life of early stage breast cancer patients: a review. J Clin Oncol 6:1059–1070
Gilbar O, Ungar L, Fried G, et al. (1997) Living with mastectomy and breast conservation treatment: Who suffers more? Support Care Cancer 5:322–326
Ramirez AJ, Towlson KE, Leaning MS, et al. (1998) Do patients with advanced breast cancer benefit from chemotherapy? Br J Cancer 78:1488–1494
Ganz PA, Greendale GA, Petersen L, Kahn B, Bower JE (2003). Breast Cancer in Young Women: Reproductive and Late Health effects of Treatment. J Clin Oncol 21(22): 4184–4193
Mandelbeit J, Fiquerido M, Cullen J (2003) Outcomes and Quality-of-Life following Breast cancer Treatment in older women: When, Why, How much and What do women want? Healthюality-of-Life Outcomes 1:45
Silliman RA, Prout MN, Field T, et al. (1999) Risk factors for a decline in upper body function following the treatment for early stage breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 54: 25–30
Velanovich V, Gabel M, Walker EM, Doyle TJ, O’Bryan RM, Szymanski W, Ferrara JJ, Lewis FR, Jr (2002) Causes for the undertreatment of elderly breast cancer patients: tailoring treatments to individual patients. J Am Coll Surg 194:8–13
Newschaffer CJ, Penberthy L, Desch CE, Retchin SM, Whittemore M (1996) The effect of age and comorbidity in the treatment of elderly women with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Arch Intern Med 156:85–90
Patrick DL, Erickson P (1993) Health status and health policy. Quality-of-Life in Health Care Evaluation and Resource
Satariano WA, Ragland DR (1996) Upper-body strength and breast cancer: A comparison of the effects of age and disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51:M215–219
Ahles TA, Saykin AJ, Furstenberg CT, Cole B, Mott LA, Skalla K, Whedon MB, Bivens S, Mitchell T, Greenberg ER, Silberfarb PM (2002) Neuropsychologic impact of standarddose systemic chemotherapy in long-term survivors of breast cancer and lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 20:485–493
Cimprich B (1998) Age and extent of surgery affect attention in women treated for breast cancer. Res Nurs Health 21:229–238
Paganini-Hill A, Clark LJ (2000) Preliminary assessment of cognitive function in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Breast Cancer Res Treat 64:165–176
Ganz PA, Hirji K, Sim MS, Schag CA, Fred C, Polinsky ML (1993) Predicting psychosocial risk in patients with breast cancer. Med Care 31:419–431
Holland JC, Gooen-Piels J (2000) Principles of Psycho-Oncology. In Cancer Medicine. Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Holland JF, Frei E (eDS.), 5th edition, BC Decker, Ontario
Thomas BC, Pandey M, Ramdas K, Nair MK (2002) Psychological distress in cancer patients: Hypothesis of a distress model. Eur J Cancer Prev 11:179–185
Yancik R, Wesley MN, Ries LA, Havlik RJ, Edwards BK, Yates JW (2001) Effect of age and comorbidity in postmenopausal breast cancer patients aged 55 years and older. JAMA 285:885–892
Blackman SB, Lash TL, Fink AK, Ganz PA, Silliman RA (2002) Advanced age and adjuvant tamoxifen prescription in early-stage breast carcinoma patients. Cancer 95:2465–2472
Lash TL, Thwin SS, Horton NJ, Guadagnoli E, Suliman RA (2003) Multiple Informants: A new method to assess breast cancer patients co-morbidity. Am J Epidemiol 157:249–257
Fleming ST, Rastogi A, Dmitreinko A, Johnson KD (1999) A comprehensive Prognostic index to predict survival based on multiple co-morbidities, a focus on breast cancer. Med Care 37:601–614
Dow KH, Ferell BR, Leigh S, et al. (1996) An evaluation of the Quality-of-Life among long-term survivors of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 39:261–273
Ferrell BR, Hassey-Dow K, Grant M (1995) Measurement of the Quality-of-Life in cancer survivors. Quality-of-Life Res 4:523–532
Ferrell BR, Hassey-Dow K, Leigh S, Ly J, Gulasekaram P (1995) Quality-of-Life in long-term cancer survivors. Oncology Nursing Forum 22(6):915–922
Ferrell BR, Grant M, Funk B, Garcia N, Otis-Green S, Schaffner MLJ (1996) Quality-of-Life in breast cancer. Cancer Practice 4(6):331–340
Ferrell BR, Grant M, Funk B, Otis-Green S, Garcia N (1997) Quality-of-Life in breast cancer Part I: Physical and social well being. Cancer Nursing 20(6):398–408
Ferrell BR, Grant M, Funk B, Otis-Green S, Garcia N (1998) Quality-of-Life in breast cancer Part II: Psychological and spiritual well being. Cancer Nursing 21(1):1–9
Ganz P, et al. (2002) Breast Cancer survivors and Quality-of-Life. J Nat Cancer Inst J Surg (March–April 2010) 72:112–116
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shah, A.K., Vohra, L.S. Quality-of-life: A study on patients of carcinoma breast and its pitfalls in Indian society. Indian J Surg 72, 107–111 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-010-0033-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-010-0033-4