Abstract
New cultivars ‘Alpine Russet’, ‘Dakota Trailblazer’ and ‘Ivory Crisp’ have lower tuber reducing sugars and acrylamide-forming potential. Adoption of new cultivars by growers requires information about their responses to agronomic factors such as nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of N rate on yield and quality of new cultivars relative to conventional cultivars ‘Russet Burbank’ and ‘Snowden’. The experiment was conducted over two years as a randomized complete block design replicated four times with five N rates and five cultivars. The new cultivars had comparable or higher marketable yields, and a higher percentage of large tubers (greater than170 g) than the standard cultivars. Total and marketable yields responded quadratically to N and optimized at 231 kg ha−1 in 2011 and 319 kg ha−1 in 2012 for all cultivars. ‘Dakota Trailblazer’ had high hollow heart incidence (greater than 10% at N rates above 125 kg ha−1), and excessively high specific gravity, making it undesirable for processing but with potential to be a parent in a breeding program. ‘Alpine Russet’ and ‘Ivory Crisp’ had specific gravity suitable for commercial processing, and low hollow heart incidence at all N rates. Critical petiole nitrate-N concentrations 50 and 70 days after planting for all cultivars were greater in 2012 than in 2011, suggesting that interpretation of critical values can be affected by growing conditions.
Resumen
Las nuevas variedades ‘Alpine Russet’, ‘Dakota Trailblazer’ e ‘Ivory Crisp’ tienen más bajos azúcares reductores de tubérculo y menor potencial de formar acrilamida. La adopción de nuevas variedades por los productores requiere de información acerca de sus respuestas a factores agronómicos tales como la fertilización nitrogenada (N). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto del nivel de N en el rendimiento y calidad de nuevas variedades respecto a las variedades convencionales ‘Russet Burbank’ y ‘Snowden’. Se condujo el experimento durante dos años como un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones, cinco niveles de N y cinco variedades. Las nuevas variedades tuvieron rendimientos comerciales comparables o mayores, y un porcentaje más alto de tubérculos grandes (mayores a 170 g), que las variedades estándar. Los rendimientos totales y comerciales respondieron cuadráticamente al N y se optimizaron a 231 kg ha-1 en 2011 y 319 kg ha-1 en 2012 para todas las variedades. “Dakota Trailblazer” tuvo alta incidencia de corazón hueco (mayor que 10% a niveles de N arriba de 125 kg ha-1), y excesivamente alta gravedad específica, haciéndola no deseable para proceso, pero con potencial para ser un progenitor en un programa de mejoramiento. “Alpine Russet” e “Ivory Crisp” tuvieron gravedad específica deseable para procesamiento comercial, y baja incidencia de corazón hueco en todos los niveles de N. Las concentraciones críticas de N-nitrato en el pecíolo 50 y 70 días después de la siembra para todas las variedades fueron mayores en 2012 que en 2011, sugiriendo que la interpretación de los valores críticos puede afectarse por las condiciones de crecimiento.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Minnesota Department of Agriculture and the North Dakota Department of Agriculture for supporting this research through grants from the USDA/NIFA Specialty Crops Block program.
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Sun, N., Rosen, C.J. & Thompson, A.L. Nitrogen Response of French Fry and Chip Cultivars Selected for Low Tuber Reducing Sugars. Am. J. Potato Res. 94, 606–616 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-017-9599-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-017-9599-8