Abstract
Verticillium wilt (VW), caused mainly by the soil-borne fungus V. dahliae, is a persistent and serious problem in potato production. Host-plant resistance offers an attractive control strategy, but most major cultivars are susceptible to VW. Resistance to VW was evaluated in 14 advanced clones from U.S. potato breeding programs and 11 cultivars. The two objectives of this study were to 1) determine the extent to which VW resistance exists in advanced selections in U.S. potato breeding programs and 2) test a selection strategy based on multiple measures of resistance. The three measures of resistance used in this study were symptom expression in the field, colonization of stem sap, and numbers of propagules in senescent stems. Resistant clones had low scores, but susceptible clones were highly variable for all three measures. An effective selection strategy utilizing all three measures of assessment can be used to separate true resistance from tolerance as follows: first, identify clones with low symptom expression, then measure sap colonization, and finish by establishing propagule levels in senescent stems. Based on this approach, breeders will be able to identify VW resistant, and not just VW tolerant, germplasm for future breeding efforts.
Resumen
La marchites por Veticillium (VW), causada principalmente por el hongo del suelo V. dahliae, es un problema persistente y serio en la producción de papa. La resistencia de la planta hospedera es una estrategia de control atractiva, pero la mayoría de las variedades principales son susceptibles a VW. Se evaluó la resistencia a VW en 14 clones avanzados de programas de mejoramiento de papa de E.U. y 11 variedades. Los dos objetivos de este estudio fueron 1) determinar hasta que punto existe resistencia a VW en las selecciones avanzadas de programas de mejoramiento de papa de E.U. y 2) probar una estrategia de selección basada en múltiples medidas de resistencia. Las tres medidas de resistencia usadas en este estudio fueron la expresión de síntomas en el campo, colonización de la savia del tallo, y el número de propágulos en tallos senescentes. Los clones resistentes tuvieron registros bajos, pero los susceptibles fueron altamente variables para las tres medidas. Se puede emplear una estrategia de selección efectiva utilizando las tres medidas de evaluación para separar la verdadera resistencia de la tolerancia de la siguiente manera: primero, identificar clones con baja expresión de síntomas, después medir la colonización de la savia, y terminar con el establecimiento de los niveles de propágulos en tallos senescentes. Con base en este enfoque, los mejoradores estarán en capacidad para identificar germoplasma con resistencia a VW, y no solamente tolerancia, en esfuerzos de mejoramiento a futuro.
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Acknowledgements
The contributions of clones and ideas from the following potato breeders are gratefully acknowledged: Asunta Thompson, David Holm, David Douches, Felix Navarro, Jiwan Palta, J. Creighton Miller, Jr., Kathleen Haynes, and Richard Novy.
This research was funded in part by the Wisconsin Potato and Vegetable Growers Association and USDA-ARS Project No. 3655-21000-035-00D. Statistical assistance from Nicholas Keuler is appreciated.
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Jansky, S.H. Identification of Verticillium Wilt Resistance in U.S. Potato Breeding Programs. Am. J. Pot Res 86, 504–512 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9107-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-009-9107-x