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A Survey of Karyological Phenomena in the Juncaceae with Emphasis on Chromosome Number Variation and Evolution

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Abstract

The order Poales is well known for the presence of holocentric chromosomes, agmatoploidy, symploidy, polyploidy and high variation in chromosome numbers among and within species and genera. The second largest family of this order, Cyperaceae, is very well characterized both karyologicaly and cytologicaly. On the other hand, a smaller family Juncaceae is not so widely investigated from this point of view. The currently known chromosome numbers of the species of all eight genera of the Juncaceae are presented and variation among them is explored. Distribution of diploids, agmatoploids, agmatopolyploids, polyploids, symploids and aneuploids in the family is discussed in the phylogenetic context. Luzula is the best explored group followed by Juncus and Oreojuncus. However, only very little is known for five other Southern hemisphere genera. Fifty-eight percent of taxa from the Juncaceae are still completely unknown. Three different series of chromosome counts have been found in the Juncaceae, one for Luzula (x = 6), the second for Oreojuncus (x = 15) and the third for Juncus (x = 20) with many agmatoploid and aneuploid derivates. This outline summarizes current knowledge in chromosome count variation and karyological research in the family Juncaceae.

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Acknowledgment

The study was supported by GAČR 206/07/P147, GAČR P506/11/0774 and Institutional Research Plan RVO67985939. I would like to thank Do Hoang Diep and Michaela Vítková for help with data entry to Table 1. I am grateful to karyologist Vlasta Jarolímová for fruitful discussion to specific problems. Finally, yet importantly, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to Luděk Záveský for his encouragement and help in carrying out the successful completion of this work.

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  1. Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zámek 1, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic

    Lenka Záveská Drábková

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Záveská Drábková, L. A Survey of Karyological Phenomena in the Juncaceae with Emphasis on Chromosome Number Variation and Evolution. Bot. Rev. 79, 401–446 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-013-9127-6

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