Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNT)/chitosan films and fibers can find use in specialized applications like the artificial muscles and other intelligent switching devices. The dispersion state of the single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in chitosan matrix plays a major role in deciding the ultimate properties of composite. A suitable chemical treatment for purification and functionalization of SWCNTs is reported. Optimal conditions to prepare water soluble and stable, dispersion of SWCNT in chitosan are presented. The dispersion behavior of purified and functionalized SWCNT was characterized by visual observations, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The dispersion obtained using functionalized SWCNT was stable, while the purified SWCNT dispersion showed limited stability. The better stability of functionalized SWCNT dispersion in chitosan was evidenced by improved interaction between chitosan and carboxyl functional groups of SWCNT.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. J. F. Harris, “Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures”, pp.1–12, Cambridge University Press, 1999.
H. G. Chae and S. Kumar, Indian J. Fibre Text., 31, 29 (2006).
R. Ramasubramaniam, J. Chen, and H. Liu, Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 2928 (2003).
Q. Chen, C. Saltiel, and S. Manickavasagam, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 280, 91 (2004).
J. Tkac and T. Ruzgas, Electrochem. Commun., 8, 899 (2006).
Y.-C. Tsai and J.-D. Huang, Electrochem. Commun., 8, 956 (2006).
N. Grossiord, S. J. Loos, S. O. Regev, and C. E. Koning, Chem. Mater., 18, 1089 (2006).
L. A. Montoro and M. Rosolen, Carbon, 44, 3293 (2006).
X. Yangchuan, L. Liang, C. Charles, and R. V. Hull, Langmuir, 21, 4185 (2005).
S. Kumar, A. Govindaraj, J. Mofokeng, G. N. Subbanna, and C. N. R. Rao, J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt., 29, 4925 (1996).
A. Curulli, S. Nonziante, and A. Coppe, Microchim. Acta, 152, 225 (2006).
A. Felten, C. Bittencourt, J. J. Pireaux, G. Van Lier, and J. C. Charlier, J. Appl. Phys., 98, 074308 (2005).
B. N. Khare, P. Wilhite, B. Tran, E. Teixeira, K. Fresquez, D. N. Mvondo, C. Bauschlicher, and M. Meyyappan, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 23466 (2005).
H. Jia, Y. Lian, O. Midori, T. Nakahodo, Y. Maedab, T. Tsuchiya, T. Wakahara, and T. Akasaka, Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 6, 571 (2005).
D. Hill, Y. Lin, L. Qu, A. Kitaygorodskiy, J. W. Connell, L. F. Allard, and S. Y. Ping, Macromolecules, 38, 7670 (2005).
S. M. Lefrant, M. Baibaraca, I. Baltogb, I. Y. Mevellec, C. Godona, and O. Chauvet, Diam. Relat. Mater., 14, 867 (2005).
Y. Wang, I. Zafar, and S. Mitra, Carbon, 43, 1015 (2005).
K. Mylvaganam and L. C. Zhang, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 15009 (2004).
F. Liang, J. M. Beach, P. K. Rai, R. E. Smalley, and W. E. Billups, Chem. Mater., 18, 1520 (2006).
D. S. Bag, R. Dubey, N. Zhang, V. K. Varadan, D. Lal, and G. N. Mathur, Smart Mater. Struct., 13, 1263 (2004).
N. Grossiord, J. Loos, O. Regev, and C. E. Koning, Chem. Mater., 18, 1089 (2006).
C. Y. Hong, Y. Z. You, and C. Y. Pan, Polymer, 47, 4300 (2006).
C. Wang, G. Zhou, H. Liu, J. Wu, Y. Qiu, B. L. Gu, and W. Duan, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 10266 (2006).
S. Porro, S. Musso, M. Vinante, L. Vanzetti, M. Anderle, F. Trotta, and A. Tagliaferro, Physica E, 37, 58 (2007).
C. G. Salzmann, T. T. C. Bryan, T. Gerard, A. L. Simonl, and L. H. G. Malcol, Carbon, 45, 907 (2007).
L. M. Ericson and P. E. Pehrsson, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 20276 (2005).
S. Lefrant, J. P. Buisson, O. Chauvet, J. M. Benoit, P. Bernier, and M. Baltog, Proc. Materials Research Society Symposium, 706, 231 (2002).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ozarkar, S., Jassal, M. & Agrawal, A.K. Improved dispersion of carbon nanotubes in chitosan. Fibers Polym 9, 410–415 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-008-0066-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-008-0066-5