Abstract
In order to investigate the Marangoni convection instability of 0.65cSt silicone oil induced by evaporation in liquid layer, a series of experiments are carried out in an open rectangular pool. The effects of side wall temperature as well as ambient temperature on competitions between BM convection and thermocapillary convection are analyzed thoroughly. Increasing of the side wall temperature would inevitably enhance thermocapillary convection and suppress the formation of BM cells by transferring hot fluid from border to surface. As long as the side wall temperature is high enough, BM cells would disappear completely and multicellular rolls as well as hydrothermal waves would occur in the whole layer. Increasing ambient temperature would enhance both BM convection and thermocapillary convection, but the later one benefits more from it because hydrothermal waves can occur at a lower Ma number. Critical Marangoni numbers for the incipience of hydrothermal waves and that disappearance of BM convection cells are obtained under different ambient temperatures.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- L :
-
length of rectangular pool, mm
- W :
-
width of rectangular pool , mm
- H :
-
thickness of liquid layer, mm
- T a :
-
ambient temperature, ∘C
- T w :
-
temperature of copper blocks, ∘C
- ΔT :
-
temperature difference between side wall and ambient, ∘C
- Ma :
-
Marangoni number, Ma = γ T Δ T(L/2)/μ α
- t :
-
evaporating time, s
- ρ :
-
density, kg ⋅m −3
- μ :
-
dynamic viscosity, kg ⋅m −1 s −1
- ν :
-
kinetic viscosity, m 2⋅s −1
- α :
-
thermal diffusivity, m 2⋅s −1
- β :
-
thermal expansion coefficient, K −1
- c p :
-
specific heat capacity, J ⋅kg −1 K −1
- γ T :
-
temperature coefficient of surface tension, N ⋅m −1 K −1
- λ :
-
thermal conductivity, W ⋅m −1 K −1
- a:
-
ambient
- c:
-
critical value
References
Bestehorn, M.: Convection in thick and in thin fluid layers with a free surface-The influence of evaporation. Eur. Phys. J.: Spec. Top. 146, 391–405 (2007)
Cerisier, P., Rahal, S., Rivier, N.: Topological correlations in Bénard-Marangoni convective structures. Phys. Rev. E 54, 5086–5094 (1996)
Chai, A.-T., Zhang, N.: Experimental study of Marangoni-Bé,nard convection in a liquid layer induced by evaporation. Exp. Heat Transfer. 11, 187–205 (1998)
Chauvet, F., Dehaeck, S., Colinet, P.: Threshold of Bénard-Marangoni instability in drying liquid films. Europhys. Lett. 99, 34001 (2012)
Haut, B., Colinet, P.: Surface-tension-driven instabilities of a pure liquid layer evaporating into an inert gas. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 285, 296–305 (2005)
Ji, Y., Liu, Q.S., Liu, R.: Coupling of evaporation and thermocapillary convection in a liquid layer with mass and heat exchanging interface. Chin. Phys. Lett. 25, 608–611 (2008)
Kimball, J.T., Hermanson, J.C., Allen, J.S.: Experimental investigation of convective structure evolution and heat transfer in quasi-steady evaporating liquid films. Phys. Fluids. 24, 052102 (2012)
Koschmieder, E.L., Prahl, S.A.: Surface-tension-driven bénard convection in small containers. J. Fluid Mech. 215, 571–575 (1990)
Li, Y., Grigoriev, R., Yoda, M.: Experimental study of the effect of noncondensables on buoyancy-thermocapillary convection in a volatile low-viscosity silicone oil. Phys. Fluids. 26, 122112 (2014)
Mancini, H., Maza, D.: Pattern formation without heating in an evaporative convection experiment. Europhys. Lett. 66, 812–818 (2004)
Merkt, D., Bestehorn, M.: Bénard-Marangoni convection in a strongly evaporating fluid. Phys. D. 185, 196–208 (2003)
Narendranath, A.D., Hermanson, J.C., Kolkka, R.W., Struthers, A.A., Allen, J.S.: The effect of gravity on the stability of an evaporating liquid film. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 26, 189–199 (2014)
Qin, T.R., Tuković, Z., Grigoriev, R.O.: Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection of volatile fluids under atmospheric conditions. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer. 75, 284–301 (2014)
Qin, T.R., Tuković, Z., Grigoriev, R.O.: Buoyancy-thermocapillary convection of volatile fluids under their vapors. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer. 80, 38–49 (2015)
Riley, R.J., Neitzel, G.P.: Instability of thermocapillary-buoyancy convection in shallow layer. Part 1. Characterization of steady and oscillatory instability. J. Fluid Mech. 359, 143–164 (1998)
Sáenz, P.J., Valluri, P., Sefiane, K., Karapetsas, G., Matar, O.K.: On phase change in Marangoni-driven flows and its effects on the hydrothermal-wave instabilities. Phys. Fluids. 26, 024114 (2014)
Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd.: Temperature - kinetic viscosity change of silicone fluids http://www.shinetsusilicone-global.com/products/type/oil/detail/about/p0701.html
Zhang, L., Li, Y.R., Wu, C.M.: Effect of surface evaporation on steady thermocapillary convection in an annular pool. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 28, 499–509 (2016)
Zhang, N.: Surface Tension-Driven Convection Flow in Evaporating Liquid Layers. In: Savino, R. (ed.) Surf. Tens.-Driven Flows Appl., Research Signpost (2006)
Zhu, Z.Q., Liu, Q.S.: Coupling of thermocapillary convection and evaporation effect in a liquid layer when the evaporating interface is open to air. Chin. Sci. Bull. 55, 233–238 (2010)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51676018).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shi, WY., Rong, SM. & Feng, L. Marangoni Convection Instabilities Induced by Evaporation of Liquid Layer in an Open Rectangular Pool. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 29, 91–96 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-016-9528-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-016-9528-3