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Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and analysis of mineral element alongside proximate composition in foot, gills and mantle of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina)

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Abstract

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and analysis of mineral element alongside proximate composition were studied in tissues of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) exposed to various doses of Pb, Cu and Cr in water. The concentrations of all the studied heavy metals in soft tissues of the mussels increased as the metal doses were increased from 0 to 360 µg/L of water. The highest concentration of Cu was observed in the gills of mussels at the highest dose (360 µg/L), whereas the lowest concentration was observed in the Cr-exposed mussels at lower dose (120 µg/L). Amongst mineral elements, Ca was found to be the most abundant element in all tissues. The maximum Ca (156,906 ± 736 mg/kg) was observed in the gills. The abundance order of the other mineral elements was P > Mn > Na > K > Zn. Proximate analysis showed that the protein (15.45 ± 1.13 %), fat (0.97 ± 0.10 %) and moisture (77.78 ± 1.20 %) contents were significantly higher in the foot, whereas the carbohydrate (15.15 ± 1.30 %) and ash (10.55 ± 1.11 %) contents were higher in the mantle and gills, respectively. It was found that the low-dose exposure of Pb and Cu and the high-dose exposure of Cr caused higher protein content in the foot. It appears that freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina) are an essential tool for biomonitoring studies. However, specific evaluation of mussel tissues was more effective than using the whole animal in these studies.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Higher Education Commission Pakistan (HEC) for their International Research Support Initiative Program that enabled the first author to conduct part of this research at the School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, UK.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sohail & Muhammad Naeem Khan

  2. School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UK

    Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry

  3. Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Naureen Aziz Qureshi

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  1. Muhammad Sohail
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  2. Muhammad Naeem Khan
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  3. Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry
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  4. Naureen Aziz Qureshi
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Correspondence to Muhammad Sohail.

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Sohail, M., Khan, M.N., Chaudhry, A.S. et al. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and analysis of mineral element alongside proximate composition in foot, gills and mantle of freshwater mussels (Anodonta anatina). Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei 27, 687–696 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-016-0551-5

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