Abstract
Mean stress effects significantly influence the fatigue life of components. In general, tensile mean stresses are known to reduce the fatigue life of components, whereas compressive mean stresses are known to increase it. To date, various methods that account for mean stress effects have been studied. In this research, considering the high accuracy of mean stress correction and the difficulty in obtaining the material parameter of the Walker method, a practical method is proposed to describe the material parameter of this method. The test data of various materials are then used to verify the proposed practical method. Furthermore, by applying the Walker material parameter and the Smith-Watson-Topper (SWT) parameter, a modified strain-life model is developed to consider sensitivity to mean stress of materials. In addition, three sets of experimental fatigue data from super alloy GH4133, aluminum alloy 7075-T651, and carbon steel are used to estimate the accuracy of the proposed model. A comparison is also made between the SWT parameter method and the proposed strainlife model. The proposed strain-life model provides more accurate life prediction results than the SWT parameter method.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Goodman, Mechanics applied to engineering, Longmans, Green & Company (1919).
J. Morrow, Fatigue properties of metals, section 3.2, Fatigue Design Handbook, Pub. No. AE-4. SAE, Warrendale, PA (1968).
K. Walker, The effect of stress ratio during crack propagation and fatigue for 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 aluminum, Effects of Environment and Complex Load History on Fatigue Life, ASTM STP 462, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA (1970) 1–14.
K. N. Smith, P. Watson and T. H. Topper, A stress-strain function for the fatigue of materials, Journal of Materials, 5 (1970) 767–778.
T. Wehner and A. Fatemi, Effects of mean stress on fatigue behaviour of a hardened carbon steel, International Journal of Fatigue, 13 (3) (1991) 241–248.
S. J. Maddox, The effect of mean stress on fatigue crack propagation a literature review, International Journal of Fracture, 11 (3) (1975) 389–408.
S. J. Wang, M. W. Dixon and C. O. Huey, The Clemson limit stress diagram for ductile parts subjected to positive mean fatigue loading, Journal of Mechanical Design, 122 (1) (2000) 143–146.
N. E. Dowling, Mean stress effects in stress-life and strainlife fatigue, SAE Technical Paper (2004).
S. K. Koh and R. I. Stephens, Mean stress effects on low cycle fatigue for a high strength steel, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 14 (4) (1991) 413–428.
A. Ince and G. Glinka, A modification of Morrow and Smith-Watson-Topper mean stress correction models, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 34 (11) (2011) 854–867.
J. Li, J. Liu and Q. Sun, A modification of Smith-Watson-Topper damage parameter for fatigue life prediction under non-proportional loading, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 35 (4) (2012) 301–316.
N. E. Dowling, C.A. Calhoun and A. Arcari, Mean stress effects in stress-life fatigue and the Walker equation, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 32 (3) (2009) 163–179.
J. A. R. Duran and C. T. Hernandez, Evaluation of three current methods for including the mean stress effect in fatigue crack growth rate prediction, Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 38 (2015) 410–419.
D. Fang and A. Berkovits, Mean stress models for lowcycle fatigue of a nickel-base superalloy, International Journal of Fatigue, 16 (6) (1994) 429–437.
Q. Bader and E. K. Njim, Effect of stress ratio and v notch shape on fatigue life in steel beam, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 5 (6) (2014) 1145–1154.
K. B. Katnam, A. D. Crocombe and H. Khoramishad, Load ratio effect on the fatigue behaviour of adhesively bonded joints: an enhanced damage model, The Journal of Adhesion, 86 (3) (2010) 257–272.
O. H. Basquin, The exponential law of endurance tests, Proc. ASTM, 10 (1910) 625–630.
A. Fatemi, A. Plaseied and A. K. Khosrovaneh, Application of bi-linear log-log S-N model to strain-controlled fatigue data of aluminum alloys and its effect on life predictions, International Journal of Fatigue, 27 (9) (2005) 1040–1050.
J. Morrow, Fatigue design handbook, Advances in Engineering, 4 (3.2) (1968) 21–29.
S. V. Kumbhar and R. M. Tayade, A case study on effect of mean stress on fatigue life, International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, 2 (1) (2014) 304–308.
J. Fash and D. F. Socie, Fatigue behaviour and mean effects in grey cast iron, International Journal of Fatigue, 4 (3) (1982) 137–142.
R. Roberts and F. Erdogan, The effect of mean stress on fatigue crack propagation in plates under extension and bending, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 89 (4) (1967) 885–892.
M. Nihei, P. Heuler and C. Boller, Evaluation of mean stress effect on fatigue life by use of damage parameters, International Journal of Fatigue, 8 (3) (1986) 119–126.
The Editorial committee of china aeronautical materials handbook, China Aeronautical Materials Handbook, Beijing, China (2001).
W. G. Wang, Research on prediction model for disc lcf life and experiment assessment methodology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (2006).
T. Zhao and Y. Jiang, Fatigue of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy, International Journal of Fatigue, 30 (5) (2008) 834–849.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Zhiqiang Lv is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Mechanical Engineering in the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. His research interests include fatigue life prediction and fatigue reliability.
Hong-Zhong Huang is a professor of the School of Mechanical, Electronic, and Industrial Engineering in the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. He has conducted visiting appointments in several universities in the USA, Canada and Asia. He obtained a Ph.D. in Reliability Engineering from Shanghai Jiaotong University, China and has published 200 journal papers and 5 books in the fields of reliability engineering, optimization design, fuzzy sets theory and product development.
Hai-Kun Wang is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Mechanical Engineering in the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. He obtained his M.S. in Vehicle Engineering from the South China University of Technology. His research interests include reliability analysis, maintenance decisions, prognostics, and health management.
Huiying Gao is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Mechanical Engineering in the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. Her research interests include fatigue strength evaluation, fatigue life prediction and fatigue reliability analysis.
Fang-Jun Zuo is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Mechanical Engineering in the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China. Her research interests include fatigue life prediction and design for reliability.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lv, Z., Huang, HZ., Wang, HK. et al. Determining the Walker exponent and developing a modified Smith-Watson-Topper parameter model. J Mech Sci Technol 30, 1129–1137 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0217-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0217-3