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The Potential Use of Saliva as a Biofluid for Systemic Inflammatory Response Monitoring in Children with Pneumonia

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Indian Journal of Pediatrics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the levels of C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, calprotectin, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in both saliva and serum in children with community-acquired pneumonia and to compare the saliva response with the systemic response.

Methods

Forty hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia aged between 1 mo and 15 y; and 40 healthy controls were included. Both serum and saliva samples were collected on admission and at the time of discharge.

Results

Calculated differences between values for each serum and salivary parameter on admission and before discharge named delta (Δ) values were used for correlation analysis. Salivary Δ values of each parameter were moderately/strongly correlated with their corresponding serum Δ levels [IL-1β ÷ (r = 0.554, p < 0.001); IL-6 ÷ (r = 0.484, p = 0.002); PCT ÷ (r = 0.737, p < 0.001); TNF-α ÷ (r = 0.587, p < 0.001); CRP ÷ (r = 0.703, p < 0.001); and calprotectin ÷ (r = 0.774, p < 0.001)].

Conclusions

This study will evaluate the reflection of systemic changes in saliva and the efficacy of saliva in pediatric patients with pneumonia. Results will highlight saliva potential use as a biofluid for systemic monitoring in this patient group.

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Funding

This work was supported by Adnan Menderes University Research Grant (grant number ADU-TPF-20008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, 09010, Turkey

    Elif Çelik

  2. Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey

    Soner Sertan Kara

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey

    Özge Çevik

Authors
  1. Elif Çelik
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  2. Soner Sertan Kara
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  3. Özge Çevik
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Contributions

EÇ, SSK, ÖÇ participated in the design, execution, and analysis of the paper, and approved the final version. EÇ is the guarantor for this paper.

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Correspondence to Elif Çelik.

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Çelik, E., Kara, S.S. & Çevik, Ö. The Potential Use of Saliva as a Biofluid for Systemic Inflammatory Response Monitoring in Children with Pneumonia. Indian J Pediatr 89, 477–483 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-021-03973-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-021-03973-5

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