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Post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant squamous cell carcinoma in patients with Fanconi anemia: a dreadful enemy

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Abstract

Introduction

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative option for patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) and hematological manifestations but it does not prevent solid tumors, especially squamous cell carcinomas (SCC).

Methods

Retrospective study in 22 FA patients who had received HSCT and had been followed up beyond 2 years after HSCT.

Results

The median follow-up was 15 years. Six patients developed head-and-neck SCC after transplantation. The cumulative incidence of SCC at 15 and 30 years from the HSCT was 14.2% and 71.2%, respectively. One patient was diagnosed in stage IV and the rest, who were being followed up in cancer screening programs, in stage I. Treatment of SCC consisted of surgery in all patients; radiotherapy and chemotherapy were used in two patients and were poorly tolerated.

Conclusion

FA patients have high risk of head-and-neck SCC. Multi-disciplinary programs for early cancer detection are of special relevance in these patients.

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Funding

The authors received no specific funding for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    L. Murillo-Sanjuán, M. L. Uria Oficialdegui & C. Diaz-de-Heredia

  2. Department of Medical Oncology and Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    J. Balmaña & E. Carrasco

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    A. de Pablo García-Cuenca

  4. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain

    J. Lorente Guerrero

Authors
  1. L. Murillo-Sanjuán
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  2. J. Balmaña
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  3. A. de Pablo García-Cuenca
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  4. J. Lorente Guerrero
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  5. M. L. Uria Oficialdegui
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  6. E. Carrasco
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  7. C. Diaz-de-Heredia
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Contributions

LMS wrote the paper, collected and reviewed the data. CDHR designed the research, wrote and reviewed the paper. All others authors reviewed the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Diaz-de-Heredia.

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Conflicts of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethics approval

This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. It is an observational, non-interventional trial.

Informed consent

Signed informed consent was obtained from all patients.

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Cite this article

Murillo-Sanjuán, L., Balmaña, J., de Pablo García-Cuenca, A. et al. Post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant squamous cell carcinoma in patients with Fanconi anemia: a dreadful enemy. Clin Transl Oncol 24, 388–392 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-021-02693-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-021-02693-8

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