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Water cooling, PSG, PCM, Cryogenic cooling strategies and thermal analysis (experimental and analytical) of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor: a review

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Abstract

The analysis of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, especially with the high power density and more efficient cooling system is of great practical significance to lower greenhouse gas, to lessen climate change. This paper gives a detailed review of advanced cooling methods and applications to the permanent magnet synchronous motors, as well as presents experimental and analytical analyses of the cooling methods and design problems for permanent magnet synchronous motors applications. The main authors’ claims and objectives focus on water jacket cooling methods and their requirements of efficient permanent magnet synchronous motors cooling system. Also, the water-cooling system with cryogenic, Potting silicon gelatine (PSG), and phase change materials (PCM) methods are identified investigated. First, the different heat sources are, and the various temperature effects together with their influences on the permanent magnet synchronous motors performances are studied. The main part of the work includes an evolution overview of the water-cooling methods with thermal-performance analysis. Also, the PMSM temperature control main benefits are investigated, and some unsolved problems regarding optimal motor cooling model design are commented on. Finally, recent advances in the permanent magnet synchronous motors cooling methods and future scope are presented.

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Abbreviations

PMSM:

Permanent magnet synchronous machine

NdFeB:

Neodymium–iron–boron

FEM:

Finite Element Method

AMMF:

Axial Magnetic Motive Force

FEA:

Finite element analysis

HTS:

High-Temperature Superconducting

EV:

Electric vehicle

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

LPTN:

Lumped parameter

PCM:

Phase change material

CAD:

Computer-aided design

PSG:

Potting silicon gelatine

GHG:

Green House Gas

WP:

Water cold plate

WJ:

Water Jacket

WPJ:

Water cold plate with water jacket

SC:

Oil Spray cooling

ρ :

Density of air

R :

Radius of the rotor

ω :

Rotational speed

L :

Length of the rotor

P cu :

Copper loss

P Fe :

Iron loss

P m :

Mechanical loss

P s :

Stray loss

P c :

Core loss

P w :

Windage loss

I :

Phase current

f :

Rotational frequency

B p :

Maximum flux density

k c :

Coefficient of eddy current loss

k e :

Coefficient of excess eddy current loss

k h :

Coefficient of hysteresis loss

k :

Surface roughness of rotor

C f :

Friction coefficient of air

R DC :

Total current running in the copper

R AC :

Resistance of the copper wires

P eddy :

Eddy current loss

P loss :

Overall power loss

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the management of Vellore Institute of Technology, India, and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Poland, for their continued support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Thermal and Energy Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India

    Edison Gundabattini

  2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45D, 15-351, Bialystok, Poland

    Arkadiusz Mystkowski

  3. Department of Energy and Power Electronics, School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tamil Nadu, Vellore, 632 014, India

    R Raja Singh

  4. Department of Design and Automation, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tamilnadu, Vellore, 632 014, India

    S Darius Gnanaraj

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Gundabattini, E., Mystkowski, A., Raja Singh, R. et al. Water cooling, PSG, PCM, Cryogenic cooling strategies and thermal analysis (experimental and analytical) of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor: a review. Sādhanā 46, 124 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-021-01650-z

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