Abstract
Western Turkey is one of the most remarkable regions of very active continental extension in the world. The most significant structures of this region are Alaşehir, Gediz, and Büyük Menderes Grabens. Geothermal activity around city of Manisa in Gediz Graben has been investigated by many researchers and many geothermal boreholes were drilled in order to produce electricity and for heating purposes. The Caferbeyli geothermal area is on the southern side of the Gediz Graben just west of Salihli, Manisa, Turkey. According to rising demand on thermal water around Salihli, geophysical studies were performed using the Controlled Source Audio Magnetotellurics (CSAMT) measurements near the area of Caferbeyli, and they were interpreted by the two-dimensional modelling. Vertical and horizontal resistivity sections were mapped, and it was determined that a low-resistivity layer exists in the SW part of the survey area. As a result of the studies in the area, the boundaries of the low-resistivity layer were mapped and a test drilling was recommended.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Akyol N, Zhu L, Mitchell B J, Sözbilir H, and Kekovalı K 2006 Crustal structure and local seismicity in western Anatolia; Geophys. J. Int. 166 1259–1269.
Aldanmaz E 2002 Mantle source characteristics of alkali basalts and basanites in an extensional intracontinental plate setting, western Anatolia, Turkey: Implications for multi-stage melting; Int. Geol. Rev. 44(5) 440–457.
Baranov V 1957 A new method for interpretation of aeromagnetic maps pseudo-gravimetric anomalies; Geophysics 22 359–383.
Baranov V and Naudy H 1964 Numerical calculation of the formula of reduction to the magnetic pole; Geophysics 29 67–79.
Blakely R J 1995 Potential Theory in Gravity & Magnetic Applications; London, Cambridge University Press.
Blakely R J and Simpson R W 1986 Approximating edge of source bodies from magnetic or gravity anomalies; Geophysics 51 1494–1498.
Bujakowski W, Barbacki A, Czerwinska B, Pajak L, Pussak M, Stefaniuk M, and Trzesniowski Z 2010 Integrated seismic and magnetotelluric exploration of the Skierniewice, Poland, geothermal site; Geothermics 39 78–93.
Dolmaz M N, Hisarlı Z M, Ustaömer T, and Orbay N 2005 Curie point depths based on spectrum analysis of the aeromagnetic data, West Anatolian Extensional Province, Turkey; Pure Appl. Geophys. 162 (3) 571–590.
Gürer A, Gürer Ö F, Pinçe A, and İlkışık O M 2001 Conductivity structure along the Gediz Graben, West Anatolia, Turkey: Tectonic Implications; Int. Geol. Rev. 43 1129–1144.
Koçyiğit A, Yusufoğlu H and Bozkurt E 1999 Evidence from the Gediz graben for episodic two-stage extension in western Turkey; J. Geol. Soc. London 156 605–616.
Mackie R L, Madden T R, and Wannamaker P E 1993 Three-dimensional magnetotelluric modeling using difference equations – Theory and comparisons to integral equation solutions; Geophysics 58 (2) 215–226.
McKenzie D P 1978 Active tectonics of the Alpine–Himalayan Belt: The Aegean Sea and surrounding regions; Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 55 217–254.
Meju M A 2002 Geoelectromagnetic exploration for natural resources: Models, case studies and challenges; Surv. Geophys. 23 133–205.
Özelçi F 1973 Gravity anomalies of the eastern mediterranean; MTA J. 80 (in Turkish).
Paton S 1992 Active normal faulting, drainage patterns and sedimentation in southwestern Turkey; J. Geol. Soc. London 149 1031–1044.
Purvis M and Robertson A 2005 Sedimentation of the Neogene–recent Alasehir (Gediz) continental graben system used to test alternative tectonic models for western Turkey; Sedim. Geol. 173 373–408.
Ross H P and Moore J N 1985 Geophysical investigations of the Cove Fort–Sulphurdale geothermal system, Utah; Geophysics 50 1732–1745.
Sarı C 2003. Gravite Verileri ile BatıAnadolu’nun Kabuk Yapısıve Grabenlerin Tortul Kalınlığının Saptanması DEÜ-BAP Project Report No: 0908.97.08.02 (in Turkish).
Sarı C and Şalk M 2002 Analysis of gravity anomalies with hyperbolic density contrast: An application to the gravitydata of Western Anatolia; J. Balkan Geophys. Soc. 5 (3) 87–96.
Savin C, Ritz M, Join J -L, and Bachelery P 2001 Hydrothermal system mapped by CSAMT on Karthala volcano, Grande Comore Island, Indian Ocean; J. Appl. Geophys. 48 143–152.
Seyitoğlu G and Scott B C 1996 The cause of N–S extensional tectonics in western Turkey: Tectonic escape vs. back-arc spreading vs. orogenic collapse; J. Geodyn. 22 145–153.
Sözbilir H 2002 Geometry and origin of folding in the Neogene sediments of the Gediz Graben, western Anatolia, Turkey; Geodinamica Acta 15 277–288.
Spichak V and Manzella A 2009 Electromagnetic sounding of geothermal zones; J. Appl. Geophys. 68 459–478.
Sudha K, Tezkan B, Israil M, and Rai J 2011 Combined electrical and electromagnetic imaging of hot fluids within fractured rock in rugged Himalayan terrain; J. Appl. Geophys. 74 205–214.
Suzuki K, Shinji T, Kenichiro K, Yasuhiro F, Tohru M, and Akira J 2000 Case studies of electrical and electromagnetic methods applied to mapping active faults beneath the thick quaternary; Eng. Geol. 56 29–45.
Tarcan G, Filiz Ş, and Gemici Ü 1998 Hydrogeological and geochemical study of the Salihli (Manisa) geothermal fields; Bull. Turkish Petrol. Geol. Assoc. 10 61–86.
Taymaz T, Jackson J, and McKenzie D 1991 Active tectonics of the north and central Aegean Sea; Geophys. J. Int. 106 433–490.
Thanassoulas C, Tselentis G A, and Kolios N 1986 Geothermal prospecting by geoelectric soundings in NE Greece; Geophys. Prospect. 34 83–97.
Yılmazer S 2003 Salihli Belediyesi adına Kurşunlu Kaplıcalarında yapılan sıcak su kuyusu lokasyon çalışması raporu; Unpublished report, İzmir (in Turkish).
Acknowledgements
This article is a part of Scientific project code 04.KB.FEN.006 and named ‘Geothermal potential investigation of Salihli–Kurşunlu hot spring and its surroundings’ sponsored by Dokuz Eylül University Scientific Research Fund. In this study, the CSAMT data acquisition part was done by the General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration of Turkey (MTA) in 1993. The authors are also deeply indebted to Prof. Mustafa Ergün for the constructive and thoughtful comments; to Prof. Harald Walderhaug for making English corrections in the text of the paper; to Prof. Ünsal Gemici for his kind opinions about general and structural geology of the field; to Assoc. Prof. Emin U Ulugergerli for providing WinGLink software; and the Salihli municipality for kindly providing the accommodation during the field works.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Aykaç, S., Timur, E., Sari, C. et al. CSAMT investigations of the Caferbeyli (Manisa/Turkey) geothermal area. J Earth Syst Sci 124, 149–159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-014-0521-1
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-014-0521-1