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Ultra-Low-Dose UV-C Photo-stimulation Promotes Neural Stem Cells Differentiation via Presenilin 1 Mediated Notch and β-Catenin Activation

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Abstract

Light-based photo-stimulation has demonstrated promising effects on stem cell behavior, particularly in optimizing neurogenesis. However, the precise parameters for achieving optimal results, including the wavelengths, light intensity, radiating energy, and underlying mechanisms, remain incompletely understood. In this study, we focused on utilizing ultraviolet-C (UV-C) at a specific wavelength of 254 nm, with an ultra-low dose at intensity of 330 μW/cm2 and a total energy of 594 mJ/cm2 per day over a period of seven days, to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of mouse neural stem cells (NSCs). The results revealed that the application of ultra-low-dose UV-C yielded the most significant effect in promoting differentiation when compared to mixed ultraviolet (UV) and ultraviolet-A (UV-A) radiation at equivalent exposure levels. The mechanism exploration elucidated the role of Presenilin 1 in mediating the activation of β-catenin and Notch 1 by the UV-C treatment, both of which are key factors facilitating NSCs proliferation and differentiation. These findings introduce a novel approach employing ultra-low-dose UV-C for specifically enhancing NSC differentiation, as well as the underlying mechanism. It would contribute valuable insights into brain stimulation and neurogenesis modulation for various diseases, offering potential therapeutic avenues for further exploration.

Graphical Abstract

Ultra-low-dose UV-C photo-stimulation promoted the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) through Presenilin 1 mediated β-catenin and Notch 1 activations.

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Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

bFGF :

Basic fibroblast growth factor

cDNA :

Complementary DNA

DAPI :

4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole

DMEM/F12 :

Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham

DNA :

Deoxyribonucleic acid

ECL :

Enhanced chemiluminescence

EGF :

Epidermal growth factor

GAPDH :

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

GFAP :

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

HES1 :

Hairy and enhancer of split-1

MAP2 :

Microtubule-associated protein 2

MMLV :

Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase

mRNA :

Messenger ribonucleic acid

ND1 :

Differentiation 1, NeuroD1

NES :

Coding gene of Nestin

NICD :

Notch Intracellular Domain

NSCs :

Neural stem cells

PBS :

Phosphate-buffered saline

PCR :

Polymerase chain reaction

PDL :

Poly-D-lysine

PS1 :

Presenilin 1

PFA :

Paraformaldehyde

UV :

Ultraviolet

UV-A :

Ultraviolet-A

UV-C :

Ultraviolet-C

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Funding

This study was funded by: Shenzhen International Cooperation Projects GJHZ20210705141404013 and SIAT Innovation Program for Excellent Young Researcher award to Q.L.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Zihan Wang, Qiuling Zhong, Bing Song, Yan Wang & Qian Liu

  2. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bio-functional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Lin Zhou

  3. Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Teng Guan

Authors
  1. Lin Zhou
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Contributions

Qian Liu: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing- review and editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. Lin Zhou: Conceptualization, Methodology, Review and editing, Investigation, Data curation. Zihan Wang: Investigation. Qiuling Zhong: Investigation. Bing Song: Resources. Yan Wang: Resources, Project administration, Writing. Teng Guan: Data curation, Manuscript proof reading. All authors contributed to the study and the manuscript preparation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qian Liu.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The experiments conducted on animals were approved by the IACUC of Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Ethics Committees. The approved project is: Physical stimulation for ischemic stroke treatment. (Approval number: SIAT-IACUC-210615-YGS-LQ-A19952, Approved Date: 06/18/2021).

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Zhou, L., Wang, Z., Zhong, Q. et al. Ultra-Low-Dose UV-C Photo-stimulation Promotes Neural Stem Cells Differentiation via Presenilin 1 Mediated Notch and β-Catenin Activation. Mol Neurobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-024-04185-6

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