References
Vrselja Z, Daniele SG, Silbereis J, et al. Restoration of brain circulation and cellular functions hours post-mortem. Nature. 2019;568(7752):336–43.
Shaer M. Scientists are giving dead brains new life. What could go wrong? The New York Times Magazine, 7 Jul 2019, p. 29. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/02/magazine/dead-pig-brains-reanimation.html.
White RJ, Wolin LR, Massopust LC Jr, Taslitz N, Verdura J. Cephalic exchange transplantation in the monkey. Surgery. 1971;70(1):135–9.
Bremer F. Cerveau ‘isolé’ et physiologie du sommeil. C R Soc Biol. 1929;102:1235–41.
Goltz F. Der Hund Ohne Grosshirn. Siebente Abhandlung Uber die Verrichttungen des Grosshirns. Arch Ges Physiology. 1892;51:570–614.
Rothmann M Der. Hund Ohne Grosshirn. Neurol Centralbl. 1909;28:1045–6.
Karplus JP, Kreidl A, Uher Totelexstirpationen einer und beider Grosshirnhemisphären an Affen (Macacus rhesus). Arrh f Anat. n. Physiol. 1914;155–212.
White RJ, MacCarty RS. Cranial nerve function following total cerebral hemispherectomy in the monkey (Macaca rhesus). Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1959;34(1):22–9.
White RJ, Albin MS, Verdura J. Isolation of the monkey brain: in vitro preparation and maintenance. Science. 1963;151:1060–1.
White RJ, Albin MS, Verdura J. Preservation of viability in the isolated monkey brain utilizing a mechanical extracorporeal circulation. Nature. 1964;202:1080–3.
White RJ, Albin MS, Verdura J, Locke GE. Prolonged whole-brain refrigeration with electrical and metabolic recovery. Nature. 1966;209(5030):1320–2.
White RJ, Brown HW, Albin MS, Verdura J. Rapid selective brain-cooling using head immersion and naso-oral perfusion in dogs. Resuscitation. 1983;10(3):189–91.
White RJ, Albin MS, Davidson E, Yashon D. Production of lactate and pyruvate by the brain: accumulation of lactate and pyruvate in the recycling circulation of the isolated brain. Surgery. 1968;64(1):60–7.
White RJ, Albin MS, Locke GE, Son D. Brain transplantation: prolonged survival of brain after carotid-jugular interposition. Science. 1965;150:779–81.
Aminoff MJ. Brown-séquard: an improbably genius who transformed medicine, vol. 313. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011.
Brown-Séquard C. Recherches expérimentales sur les propriétés et les usages du sang rouge et du sang noir. J Physiol (Paris). 1858;1(95–127):353–67.
Yates AJ, Fisk L, Couves CM. Isolation and controlled perfusion of the canine brain. CMA Journal. 1970;102:839–41.
Lang M, Tsiang J, Moore NZ, Bain MD, Steinmetz MP. A Tribute to Dr Robert. J White Neurosurg. 2019;85(2):E366–73.
Funding
No extramural funding supported this effort.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
EFMW performed all research relating to this article and is the sole author.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
None.
Ethical approval/Informed consent
Not applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This article is part of the collection “Neurocritical Care Through History”.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wijdicks, E.F.M. Suspended (but No Animation) White’s Isolated Brain Experiments. Neurocrit Care 33, 840–843 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-020-00920-8
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-020-00920-8