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Causal relationships between gut microbiota and hypothyroidism: a Mendelian randomization study

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Abstract

Background

Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the maintenance of thyroid homeostasis. We aimed to evaluate the causal relationships between gut microbiota and hypothyroidism.

Methods

Summary statistics for 211 gut microbiota taxa were obtained from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. Summary statistics for hypothyroidism were obtained from two distinct sources: the FinnGen consortium R9 release data (40,926 cases and 274,069 controls) and the UK Biobank data (22,687 cases and 440,246 controls), respectively. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was employed, and thorough sensitivity analyses were carried out to ensure the reliability of the results.

Results

Based on the FinnGen consortium, we found increased levels of Intestinimonas (OR = 1.09; 95%CI = 1.02–1.16; P = 0.01) and Ruminiclostridium5 (OR = 1.11; 95%CI = 1.02–1.22; P = 0.02) may be associated with a higher risk of hypothyroidism, while increased levels of Butyrivibrio (OR = 0.95; 95%CI = 0.92–0.99; P = 0.02), Eggerthella (OR = 0.93; 95%CI = 0.88–0.98; P = 0.01), Lachnospiraceae UCG008 (OR = 0.92; 95%CI = 0.85–0.99; P = 0.02), Ruminococcaceae UCG011 (OR = 0.95; 95%CI = 0.90–0.99; P = 0.02), and Actinobacteria (OR = 0.88; 95%CI = 0.80–0.97; P = 0.01) may be associated with a lower risk. According to the UK Biobank data, Eggerthella and Ruminiclostridium5 remain causally associated with hypothyroidism. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates consistent results without evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.

Conclusion

This study highlights the impact of specific gut microbiota on hypothyroidism. Strategies to change composition of gut microbiota may hold promise as potential interventions.

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Data availability

The data for this study were sourced from publicly available archives and former investigative studies.

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Acknowledgements

We want to acknowledge all participants of this study and the technical support provided by the Jiangsu University.

Funding

This study was supported by the Guang Ren Foundation Research Project of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (KRY-YN2022017), the Suzhou Key Clinical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Technology of Special Project (LCZX202023), and the Suzhou Science and Technology Planning Project (STL2021006).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China

    Zhaoxiang Wang, Ying Pan, Qianqian Wang, Li Zhang, Fengyan Tang, Bing Lu & Shao Zhong

  2. Department of Cardiology, Xuyi People’s Hospital, Xuyi, 211700, Jiangsu, China

    Menghuan Wu

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Wang, Z., Wu, M., Pan, Y. et al. Causal relationships between gut microbiota and hypothyroidism: a Mendelian randomization study. Endocrine 83, 708–718 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-023-03538-w

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