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Oleuropein Offers Cardioprotection in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction

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Abstract

Myocardial infarction causes a cascade of events, which leads to heart failure, debilitation and death. This study examined possible cardioprotective effect of oleuropein in rats with acute myocardial infarction. Male Sprague-Dawly rats were allocated to five groups: sham, myocardial infarction receiving vehicle, and three myocardial infarction receiving oleuropein at 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg/day for 7 days, and underwent sham operation or coronary ligation. Twenty-four hours later, animals underwent echocardiographic and hemodynamic studies, and infarct areas, serum concentrations of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were determined. Myocardial infarction group receiving vehicle had significantly lower left ventricular developed and systolic pressures, rate of rise/decrease of left ventricular pressure, stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac output, and serum superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase than those of sham group. Pretreatment with oleuropein prevented the reduction of these variables. Moreover, the group had a significantly higher serum malondialdehyde, interleukin-1β, TNF-α, creatin kinase-MB, and troponin I, lactate dehydrogenase, and infarct area than those of sham group. Pretreatment with oleuropein prevented the increase of these variables. The findings indicate that coronary ligation results in acute myocardial infarction characterized by impaired cardiac function, and oleuropein pretreatment prevented cardiac impairment partly by reducing oxidative stress and release of proinflammatory cytokines.

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Abbreviations

CK-MB:

Creatin kinase-MB

CO:

Cardiac output

DBP:

Diastolic blood pressure

+dp/dt:

Rate of rise of left ventricular pressure

−dp/dt:

Rate of decrease of ventricular pressure

EF:

Ejection fraction

FS:

Fractional shortening

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GRx:

Glutathione reductase

HR:

Heart rate

IA:

Infarct area

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1β

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LV:

Left ventricle

LVDP:

Left ventricular developed pressure

LVEDP:

Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure

LVSP:

Left ventricular systolic pressure

LVIDd:

Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole

LVIDs:

Left ventricular internal diameter in systole

MAP:

Mean arterial pressure

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SBP:

Systolic blood pressure

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

SV:

Stroke volume

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Vice Chancellor for Research Affairs, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. This paper is an extract from Zeinab Janahmadi’s PhD thesis. The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise, with regards to this paper.

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Correspondence to Ali Akbar Nekooeian.

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Janahmadi, Z., Nekooeian, A.A., Moaref, A.R. et al. Oleuropein Offers Cardioprotection in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 15, 61–68 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-014-9271-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12012-014-9271-1

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