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Potential Ameliorative Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism, Obesity, and Genomic Stability in Prediabetic Rat Model

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Abstract

Chromium (III) (Cr(III)) effect on improving glucose, body mass loss, and genomic stability has been extensively studied in models of type 2 diabetes. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating its effect on prediabetes. Thus, this study evaluates the effects of Cr(III) as dietetic supplementation on glucose metabolism, obesity, and genomic stability on prediabetic rat model using high-invert sugar. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four treatment groups: (1) control, receiving standard diet (control); (2) prediabetic (PD), receiving a 32% of invert sugar; (3) Cr(III), receiving chromium (III) chloride (CrCl3•6H2O) (58.4 mg/L); and (4) Cr(III) + PD, receiving CrCl3•6H2O in combination with high-invert sugar. Cr(III) supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose (123.00 ± 8.29 mg/dL vs. 115.30 ± 9.31 mg/dL, p = 0.015) and partially reduced area under the 120-min blood glucose response curve (AUC) in PD rats (p = 0.227). Moreover, Cr(III) attenuated weight gain (187.29 ± 38.56 g vs. 167.22 ± 29.30 g, p = 0.004), significantly reducing body mass index (0.68 ± 0.04 g/cm2 vs. 0.63 ± 0.04 g/cm2, p < 0.001), Lee index (0.30 ± 0.01 vs. 0.28 ± 0.01, p < 0.001), and peritoneal fat (p < 0.001). Regarding genomic stability, high-invert sugar, Cr(III), or the combination of both did not produce changes in oxidative stress, DNA damage in pancreas, or cytotoxicity markers. These data suggest that Cr(III) supplementation improved partially glucose metabolism and reduced obesity in rat model PD due to high-invert sugar without influence in genomic stability.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of colleagues from the Laboratory of Histology and Pathology and Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology - UNISC for their help during the experiments.

Funding

PM was funded by the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS). SIRF was funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Patrícia Molz, Daniel Prá & Silvia I. R. Franke

  2. Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Patrícia Molz & Silvia I. R. Franke

  3. Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Av. Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil

    Patrícia Molz

  4. Medicine Course, Department of Life Sciences, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Walter A. Molz

  5. Laboratory of Histology and Pathology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Danieli R. Dallemole & Augusto F. Weber

  6. Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil

    Mirian Salvador

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  1. Patrícia Molz
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Correspondence to Patrícia Molz.

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The animals used in this study were processed in conformity with the ethical principles of animal experimentation, elaborated by the Brazilian College for Animal Experimentation (COBEA). The experimental procedures were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul (Protocol n° 05/2011).

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Molz, P., Molz, W.A., Dallemole, D.R. et al. Potential Ameliorative Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism, Obesity, and Genomic Stability in Prediabetic Rat Model. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 1893–1899 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02299-1

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