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Deoxynivalenol Detoxification by a Novel Strain of Pichia kudriavzevii via Enzymatic Degradation and Cell Wall Adsorption

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Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that significantly threatens the food and feed industry. Corn steep liquor (CSL) is an acidic byproduct of the corn starch industry, and DON is concentrated in CSL once the material is contaminated. In this work, a Pichia kudriavzevii strain that could remove DON from CSL was isolated and characterized. The strain P. kudriavzevii E4-205 showed detoxifying activity in a pH range of 4.0~7.0 and temperature of 25~42 °C, and 39.4% DON was reduced by incubating this strain in CSL supernatant diluted by 2-fold (5 μg/mL DON) for 48 h at pH 5.0 and 30 °C. Further mechanism studies showed that P. kudriavzevii E4-205 could adsorb DON by the cell wall and degrade DON by intracellular enzymes with NADH as a cofactor. The degradation product was identified as 3,7,8,15-tetrahydroxyscirpene by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DON adsorption by inactivated cells was characterized, and the adsorption followed pseudo first-order kinetics. This study revealed a novel mechanism by which microbes degrade DON and might serve as a guide for the development of DON biological detoxification methods.

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Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Jilin COFCO Biochemistry Co., Ltd. for providing materials for this work.

Funding

This research was funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFD2101000/2021YFD2101002, and 2019YFE0197300) and Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization (Dalian Minzu University), Ministry of Education (No. KF2022010), China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaqi Xiao, Ruyi Guo, Jianying Dai, Zhilong Xiu & Yaqin Sun

  2. COFCO Nutrition & Health Research Institute, Beijing, 102209, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Tan

  3. Jilin COFCO Biochemistry Co., Ltd., National Engineering Research Center of Corn Deep Processing, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China

    Haijun Liu, Yi Li & Yi Tong

  4. Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116650, People’s Republic of China

    Chunshan Quan

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  1. Jiaqi Xiao
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Jiaqi Xiao, Jianying Dai, and Zhilong Xiu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Jiaqi Xiao and Jianying Dai. Methodology was provided by Jian Tan and Ruyi Guo. Supervision was performed by Jianying Dai, Zhilong Xiu, and Chunshan Quan. Funding acquisition was supported by Zhilong Xiu, Yaqin Sun, Yi Li, and Yi Tong. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jianying Dai or Yi Tong.

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Xiao, J., Tan, J., Guo, R. et al. Deoxynivalenol Detoxification by a Novel Strain of Pichia kudriavzevii via Enzymatic Degradation and Cell Wall Adsorption. Appl Biochem Biotechnol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-023-04712-6

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