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HIV, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment in the Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy

  • Central Nervous System and Cognition (SS Spudich, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current HIV/AIDS Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Mental health disorders, especially depression, are prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH) and are associated with cognitive impairment (CI) among HIV-uninfected (HIV−) individuals. We conducted a comprehensive review of the link between depression and cognition among PLWH.

Recent Findings

Studies examining depression and cognition in PLWH report high rates of current (median = 24%) and lifetime depression (42%). There is reliable evidence that depression is associated with overall CI among PLWH, and in the cognitive domains of processing speed, executive function, learning and memory, and motor function. Although few studies have examined the interaction between HIV serostatus and depression on CI, there is no evidence of a stronger association between CI and depression in PLWH compared with HIV− controls.

Summary

Depression is prevalent and reliably associated with CI in PLWH, with an overall pattern of domain-specific associations similar to that of HIV− individuals.

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Acknowledgements

Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01MH113512 (Rubin).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St., Meyer 6-133a, Baltimore, MD, 21287-7613, USA

    Leah H. Rubin

  2. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Leah H. Rubin

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Pauline M. Maki

  4. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Pauline M. Maki

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  1. Leah H. Rubin
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  2. Pauline M. Maki
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Correspondence to Leah H. Rubin.

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Rubin, L.H., Maki, P.M. HIV, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment in the Era of Effective Antiretroviral Therapy. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 16, 82–95 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-019-00421-0

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