Abstract
Purpose of Review
This report analyzes emerging evidence about the role of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as a cardiometabolic risk factor. Two important aspects are discussed: First, the modulation of AGE load by dietary AGEs; second, if the evidence of clinical and observational studies is enough to make dietary recommendations towards lowering AGE intake.
Recent Findings
Clinical studies in subjects with diabetes mellitus have shown that high intake of dietary AGEs increases inflammation markers, oxidative stress, and could impair endothelial function. In subjects at risk for cardiometabolic diseases (with overweight, obesity, or prediabetes), dietary AGE restriction decreases some inflammatory molecules and improves insulin sensitivity. However, studies in healthy subjects are limited, and not all of the studies have shown a decrease in circulating AGEs. Therefore, it is still unclear if dietary AGEs represent a health concern for people potentially at risk for cardiometabolic diseases.
Summary
The evidence shows that dietary AGEs are bioavailable and absorbed, and the rate of excretion depends on dietary intake. The metabolic fate of most dietary AGEs remains unknown. Regardless, most studies have shown that by diminishing AGE intake, circulating levels will also decrease. Thus, dietary AGEs can modulate the AGE load at least in patients with DM, overweight, or obesity. Studies with specific clinical outcomes and large-scale observational studies are needed for a better risk assessment of dietary AGEs and to establish dietary recommendations accordingly.
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References
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Telyan group and Edna Patiño for their collaboration with figure 1.
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Claudia Luévano-Contreras, Armando Gómez-Ojeda, Maciste Habacuc, Macías-Cervantes, and Ma. Eugenia Garay-Sevilla declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Lifestyle Management to Reduce Diabetes/Cardiovascular Risk
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Luévano-Contreras, C., Gómez-Ojeda, A., Macías-Cervantes, M.H. et al. Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products and Cardiometabolic Risk. Curr Diab Rep 17, 63 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0891-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0891-2