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Local Allergic Rhinitis Revisited

  • Rhinosinusitis (J Mullol, Section Editors)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for clinicians. Even though it affects a considerable number of chronic rhinitis patients and a significant number of articles regarding prevalence, evolution, diagnosis, and treatment have been published, the condition remains still largely unrecognized and therefore misdiagnosed and mistreated.

Recent Findings

LAR is a unique form of chronic rhinitis; it is neither classical allergic rhinitis (AR) nor non-allergic rhinitis (NAR). The symptoms, duration, severity, and complications of LAR are similar to those of AR and can affect adults and children. Thus, a portion of patients diagnosed with NAR or chronic rhinitis of unknown etiology may have LAR. The relationship between LAR inflammation and systemic allergic inflammation is unclear. Patients are frequently misdiagnosed with idiopathic NAR, and distinguishing between both entities is difficult without specific diagnostic tests. Underdiagnosis of LAR has implications on the management of these patients, as they are deprived of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) that has been demonstrated to modulate the immune mechanisms underlying allergic diseases.

Summary

This review aims to comprehensively summarize the current knowledge on LAR and address unmet needs in the areas of disease diagnosis and treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ENT Department, St Mary’s Treatment Centre, Portsmouth, UK

    Alexios Vardouniotis

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Crete School of Medicine, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

    Maria Doulaptsi, Alexander Karatzanis & Emmanuel Prokopakis

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan

    Nori Aoi & Hideyuki Kawauchi

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  1. Alexios Vardouniotis
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Vardouniotis, A., Doulaptsi, M., Aoi, N. et al. Local Allergic Rhinitis Revisited. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 20, 22 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-020-00925-5

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