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New Insights into the Understanding of Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease

  • Cardio-oncology (MG Fradley, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Treatment Options in Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Opinion statement

Cancer patients who receive high-dose thoracic radiotherapy may develop radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). The clinical presentation of RIHD comprises coronary artery atherosclerosis, valvular disease, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, and conduction defects. These complications have significantly reduced due to the improved radiotherapy techniques. However, such methods still could not avoid heart radiation exposure. Furthermore, people who received relatively low-dose radiation exposures have exhibited significantly elevated RIHD risks in cohort studies of atomic bomb survivors and occupational exposures. The increased potential in exposure to natural and artificial ionizing radiation sources has emphasized the necessity to understand the development of RIHD. The pathological processes of RIHD include endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, fibrosis, and hypertrophy. The underlying mechanisms may involve the changes in oxidative stress, DNA damage response, telomere erosion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic regulation, circulation factors, protein post-translational modification, and metabolites. This review will discuss the recent advances in the mechanisms of RIHD at cellular and molecular levels.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81802086, 81860425), the Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Healthy Commission (grant no. ZDB2020024), the project of Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province (grant no. 20204BCJ23018), and the Young Science and Technology Innovation Team (grant no. TD202005) of Xuzhou Medical University. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, and analysis; decision to publish; or preparation of the manuscript.

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  1. Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, People’s Republic of China

    Kai-Xuan Wang MM, Cong Ye BS, Xu Yang BS & Lan Luo PhD

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 221004, People’s Republic of China

    Kai-Xuan Wang MM, Xu Yang BS & Ping Ma MM

  3. Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China

    Chen Yan PhD

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  1. Kai-Xuan Wang MM
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Wang, KX., Ye, C., Yang, X. et al. New Insights into the Understanding of Mechanisms of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease. Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol. 24, 12–29 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11864-022-01041-4

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