Abstract
The management of breast cancer has evolved in the last 40 years to now encompass not only treating the cancer in the most effective way, but also to detect and treat cancers before they can pose a risk to patients. This evolution in therapy and diagnostics has moved away from treating patients with the maximum amount of therapy they can tolerate towards a new paradigm where patents receive the minimum treatment to be most efficacious.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Veronesi U, Cascinelli N, Mariani L, Greco M, Saccozzi R, Luini A, Aguilar M, Marubini E (2002) Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized study comparing breast-conserving surgery with radical mastectomy for early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 347(16):1227–1232
Fisher B, Anderson S, Bryant J et al (2002) Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing total mastectomy, lumpectomy, and lumpectomy plus irradiation for the treatment of invasive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 347(16):1233–1241
Dunne C, Burke JP, Morrow M, Kell MR (2009) Effect of margin status on local recurrence after breast conservation and radiation therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ. J Clin Oncol 27(10):1615–1620
Sørlie T, Perou CM, Tibshirani R et al (2001) Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98(19):10869–10874
Lowery AJ, Kell MR, Glynn RW, Kerin MJ, Sweeney KJ (2012) Locoregional recurrence after breast cancer surgery: a systematic review by receptor phenotype. Breast Cancer Res Treat 133(3):831–841
Allweis TM, Boisvert ME, Otero SE, Perry DJ, Dubin NH, Priebat DA (2002) Immediate reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer does not prolong the time to starting adjuvant chemotherapy. Am J Surg 183(3):218–221
Barry M, Kell MR (2011) Radiotherapy and breast reconstruction: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 127(1):15–22
Kell MR, Kerin MJ (2004) Sentinel lymph node biopsy. BMJ 328(7452):1330–1331
Kell MR, Burke JP, Barry M, Morrow M (2010) Outcome of axillary staging in early breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 120(2):441–447
Weaver DL, Ashikaga T, Krag DN, Skelly JM, Anderson SJ, Harlow SP, Julian TB, Mamounas EP, Wolmark N (2011) Effect of occult metastases on survival in node-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med 364(5):412–421
Giuliano AE, Hunt KK, Ballman KV et al (2011) Axillary dissection vs no axillary dissection in women with invasive breast cancer and sentinel node metastasis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 305(6):569–575
Harris E, Barry M, Kell (2013) Meta-analysis to determine if surgical resection of the primary tumour in the setting of stage IV breast cancer impacts on survival. Ann Surg Oncol 20(9):2828–2834
American Society of Clinical Oncology (2003) American Society of Clinical Oncology policy statement update: genetic testing for cancer susceptibility. J Clin Oncol 21(12):2397–2406
Meijers-Heijboer H, van Geel B, van Putten WL et al (2001) Breast cancer after prophylactic bilateral mastectomy in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. N Engl J Med 345(3):159–164
Nelson HD, Tyne K, Naik A et al (2009) Screening for breast cancer: an update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Int Med 151(10):727–737
Barry M, Kell MR (2010) Gene-expression profiling in breast cancer: bespoke cancer therapy or more fiction than science? Ir J Med Sci 179(4):479–481
Duffy SW, Chen TH, Smith RA, Yen AF, Tabar L (2013) Real and artificial controversies in breast cancer screening. Breast Cancer Manag 2(6):519
Smith RA, Duffy SW, Tabár L (2012) Breast cancer screening: the evolving evidence. Oncology (Williston Park) 26(5):471–475, 479–81, 485–6
Burke JP, Power C, Gorey TF, Flanagan F, Kerin MJ, Kell (2008) A comparative study of risk factors and prognostic features between symptomatic and screen detected breast cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 34(2):149–153
Conflict of interest
No conflict of interest in relation to this paper.
