Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, finite element (FE)-based primary pavement response models are employed for investigating the early-age deformation characteristics of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) under environmental effects. The FE-based ISLAB (two-and-one-half-dimensional) and EverFE (three-dimensional) software were used to conduct the response analysis. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters used in ISLAB and EverFE were conducted based on field and laboratory test data collected from instrumented pavements on highway US-34 near Burlington, Iowa. Based on the combination of input parameters and equivalent temperatures established from preliminary studies, FE analyses were performed and compared with the field measurements. Comparisons between field measured and computed deformations showed that both FE programs could produce reasonably accurate estimates of actual slab deformations due to environmental effects using the equivalent temperature difference concept.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Rao C, Barenberg E J, Snyder M B, Schmidt S. Effects of temperature and moisture on the response of jointed concrete pavements. In: Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. Orlando, Florida, 2001

    Google Scholar 

  2. Siddique Z, Hossain M. Finite element analysis of PCCP curling and roughness. In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ceylan H, Kim S, Gopalakrishnan K, Wang K. Environmental effects on deformation and smoothness behavior of early-age jointed plain concrete pavements. Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2007, 2037(-1): 30–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Ceylan H, Kim S, Turner D J, Rasmussen R O, Chang G K, Grove J, Gopalakrishnan K. Impact of Curling, Warping, and Other Early-Age Behavior on Concrete Pavement Smoothness: Early, Fre quent, and Detailed (EFD) Study. Phase II Final Report. Report No. FHWA DTFH61-01-X-00042 (Project 16). Center for Transportation Research and Education (CTRE), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chang G, Rasmussen R, Merritt D, Garber S, Karamihas S. Impact of Temperature Curling and Moisture Warping on Jointed Concrete Pavement Performance. FHWA TechBrief. Report No. FHWA-HIF-10-010. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Washington, D C, 2010

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kim S, Gopalakrishnan K, Ceylan H. A simplified approach for predicting early-age concrete pavement deformation. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 2011, 17(1): 27–35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bianchini A. Evaluation of temperature-induced curling in concrete slabs using deflection difference analysis. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2013, 139(2): 130–137

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Kim S, Ceylan H, Gopalakrishnan K. Smoothness variations of early-age jointed plain concrete pavements. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2008, 35(12): 1388–1398

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lim S W, Tayabji S D. Analytical technique to mitigate early-age longitudinal cracking in jointed concrete pavements. In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  10. Chung Y, Shin H C, Kodide U, Rupnow T. Stress of Sustainable PCC Pavements Under Nonlinear Temperature and Moisture Profiles. TRB 90th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers DVD, Transportation Research Board (TRB), Washington, D C, 2011

    Google Scholar 

  11. Armaghani J M, Lybas J M, Tia M, Ruth B E. Concrete pavement joint stiffness evaluation. Transportation Research Record 1099, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 1986, 22–36

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ioannides A M, Salsili-Murua R A, Temperature curling in rigid pavements: an application of dimensional analysis. Transportation Research Record 1227, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 1989, 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ioannides A M, Korovesis G T. Aggregate interlock: A pure-shear load transfer mechanism. Transportation Research Record 1286, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1990, 14–24

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ioannides A M, Korovesis G T. Analysis and design of doweled slab-on-grade pavement systems. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1992, 118(6): 745–768

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Chatti K, Lysmer J, Monismith C L. Dynamic finite element analysis of jointed concrete pavement. Transportation Research Record 1449, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 1994, 79–90

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hammons M I, Ioannides A M. Advanced pavement design: Finite element modeling for rigid pavement joints-report I: Background investigation, Technical Report DOT-FAA-AR-95-85, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D C, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  17. Vepa T S, George K P. Deflection response model for cracked rigid pavements. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 1997, 123(5): 377–384

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Davids W G. 3D finite element study on load transfer at doweled joints in flat and curled rigid pavements. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2001, 1(3): 309–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Beckemeyer C A, Khazanovich L, Yu H T, Determining amount of built-in curling in jointed plain concrete pavement: case study of Pennsylvania I-80. Transportation Research Record 1809, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 2002, 85–92

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rao S, Roesler J R. Characterizing effective built in curling from concrete pavement field measurements. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 2005, 131(4): 320–327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang Q, Chen Y. Improvements to Modeling of Concrete Slab Curling by Using NIKE3D Finite Element Program. Transportation Research Record 2226, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 2011, 71–81

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wang W, Basheer I, Petros K. Jointed plain concrete pavement models evaluation. CD-ROM, Presented at 85th Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D C, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  23. Khazanovich L, Yu H T, Rao S, Galasova K, Shats E, Jones R. ISLAB 2000-finite element analysis program for rigid and composite pavements: user’s guide, ERES Consultant, Urbana Champaign, Illinois, 2000

    Google Scholar 

  24. Davids W G, Ever F E. software for the 3D finite element analysis of jointed plain concrete pavements. Available at http://www.civil.umaine.edu/EverFE (Accessed May, 2006), University of Maine, Civil Engineering Department

  25. National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). Guide for mechanistic-empirical design of new and rehabilitated pavement structures, Available one line at: http://trb.org/mepdg, National Cooperative Highway Research Program 1-37 A, Transportation Research Board, Washington D C, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  26. Davids W G. EverFE theory manual, University of Maine, Civil Engineering Department, 2003, 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  27. Yu H T, Khazanovich L, Darter M I, Ardani A, Analysis of concrete pavement response to temperature and wheel loads measured from instrumented slab. Transportation Research Record 1639, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 1998, 94–101

    Google Scholar 

  28. Yu H T, Khazanovich L, Darter M I. 2004, Consideration of JPCP curling and warping in the 2002 design guide. CD-ROM, Presented at 83rd Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D C, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  29. Westergaard H M. Analysis of stresses in concrete pavements due to variations of temperature. Proceedings of Highway Research Board 6, National Research Council, Washington, D C, 1927, 201–215

    Google Scholar 

  30. Korovesis G T. Analysis of slab on grade pavement systems subjected to wheel and temperature loadings. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Champaign: University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  31. Davids W G, Turkiyyah G M, Mahoney J P. EverFE: Rigid pavement three-dimensional finite element analysis tool. Transportation Research Record 1629, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1998, 41–49

    Google Scholar 

  32. Davids W G, Turkiyyah G M. Multigrid preconditioner for unstructured nonlinear 3D FE models. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1999, 125(2): 186–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Davids W G, Wang Z, Turkiyyah G M, Mahoney J P, Bush D. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of jointed plan concrete pavement with EverFe 2.2. Transportation Research Record 1853, Transportation Research Board-National Research Council, Washington, D C, 2003, 92–99

    Google Scholar 

  34. Sixbey D, Swanlund M, Gagarin N, Mekemson J R. Measurement and analysis of slab curvature in JPC pavements using profiling technology. In: Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. Orlando, Florida, 2001

    Google Scholar 

  35. Vandenbossche J M. Interpreting falling weight deflectometer results for curled and warped portland cement concrete pavements. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree, Minnesota: University of Minnesota, 2003

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kim S. Early age behavior of jointed plain concrete pavements subjected to environmental loads. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree, Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  37. Yu H T, Khazanovich L. Effect of construction curling on concrete pavement behavior. Proceedings of 7th International Conference on Concrete Pavements, Orlando, Florida, 2001

    Google Scholar 

  38. Jeong J H, Zollinger D G. Insights on early age curling and warping behavior from fully instrumented test slab system. CD-ROM, Presented at 83rd Annual Transportation Research Board Meeting, Transportation Research Board, Washington D C, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  39. Vandenbossche J M, Snyder M B. Comparison between measured slab profiles of curled pavements and profile generated using the finite element method. In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Concrete Pavements. Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  40. Ott L R, Longnecker M. An Iintroduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis, 5th ed. Duxbury, Pacific Grove, CA, 2001

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of CCEE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA

    Sunghwan Kim, Halil Ceylan & Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan

Authors
  1. Sunghwan Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Halil Ceylan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kim, S., Ceylan, H. & Gopalakrishnan, K. Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng. 8, 101–114 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-014-0254-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-014-0254-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation