Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cyclic responses of three 2-story seismic concentrically braced frames

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Abstract Three full scale two-story steel concentrically braced frames (CBFs) were tested at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taipei. The specimen is a single bay with the braces arranged in a two-story X-brace configuration. The main differences among the three tests are the brace types (hollow structural or wide-flange section) and the design criteria adopted for the gusset plate connections. Results of these three tests confirm that the two-story X-shape steel CBFs all have rather good energy dissipation characteristics up to a story drift of about 0.03 radians under the cyclically increasing lateral displacements. Severe brace local buckling and out-of-plane displacements were observed during each test. Tests confirm that both the 2t-linear and 8t-elliptical designs of the gusset plate connection provide satisfactory ductility for the steel CBF. Hollow structural section (HSS) braces fractured at a story drift smaller than that found using wide flange sections. The nonlinear fine element method (FEM) program ABAQUS was used to simulate the responses of the specimen. The base shear versus the story drift relationships obtained from the tests and the FEM analytical results are quite agreeable in various levels of lateral frame displacement. The analytical results confirm that the severe out-of-plane buckling of the braces can be accurately simulated. FEM analyses also illustrate that the steel moment resisting frame takes about 40% story shear when the inter-story drift is greater than 0.02 radians.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Roeder C W. Seismic behavior of concentrically braced frame. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1989, 115(8): 1837–1855

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Cheng J J R, Yam M C H, Hu S Z. Elastic buckling strength of gusset plate connections. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 1994, 120(2): 538–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Astaneh-Asl A. Seismic Behavior and Design of Gusset Plates. Steel TIPS Report. Structural Steel Education Council, Moraga, CA, 1998

    Google Scholar 

  4. AISC/ANSI Standard 341-05. Seismic Provisions for Steel Buildings. American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL, 2005

    Google Scholar 

  5. Lehman D E, Roeder C W, Herman D, Johnson S, Kotulka B. Improved seismic performance of gusset plate connections. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 2008, 134(6): 890–901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Applied Technology Council. Guidelines for Cyclic Seismic Testing of Components of Steel Structures, ATC-24. Redwood City, CA, 1992

  7. SAC. Protocol for Fabrication, Inspection, Testing, and Documentation of Beam-Column Connection Tests and Other Experimental Specimens. Appendix E: Loading Protocol for Stepwise Increasing Cyclic Tests. SAC Background Document SAC/BD-97/02. 1997

  8. Lin C H, Tsai K C, Wei C Y, Wang K J, Tsai C Y, Wu A C, Powell J, Clark K and Roeder C. Cyclic tests of a full-scale 2-story steel concentrically braced frame. In: Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Steel Structures, Seoul, Korea. Seoul: Korean Society of Steel Construction (KSSC), 2009, 215–220

    Google Scholar 

  9. Powell J, Clark K, Tsai K C, Roeder C, Lehman D. Test of a full scale concentrically braced frame with multi-story x-bracing. In: Proceedings of ASCE SEI 2008 Structures Congress, Vancouver, Canada. Reston: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2008

    Google Scholar 

  10. ABAQUS. ABAQUS Analysis User’s Manual. Version 6.6. ABAQUS Inc, Pawtucket RI, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  11. Tsai C Y, Tsai K C, Lin M L and Chou C C. Finite element responses of a full scale steel concentrically braced frame. In: Proceedings of 5th International Symposium on Steel Structures, Seoul, Korea. Seoul: Korean Society of Steel Construction (KSSC), 2009, 221–228

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Taiwan University, Taipei, China

    Ching-Yi Tsai & Keh-Chyuan Tsai

  2. National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei, China

    Chih-Han Lin, Chih-Yu Wei, Kung-Juin Wang, Yi-Jer Yu & An-Chien Wu

Authors
  1. Ching-Yi Tsai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Keh-Chyuan Tsai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Chih-Han Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Chih-Yu Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Kung-Juin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yi-Jer Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. An-Chien Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Keh-Chyuan Tsai.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tsai, CY., Tsai, KC., Lin, CH. et al. Cyclic responses of three 2-story seismic concentrically braced frames. Front. Archit. Civ. Eng. China 4, 287–301 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-010-0087-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-010-0087-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation