Abstract
Multitudinous people suffer from lactose intolerance which is bound up with lactose malabsorption. Enzymatic hydrolysis is the most common approach for the preparation of lactose-free products. The recycling of hydrolytic enzymes is an effective way to produce low-cost lactose-free products. Herein, a facile strategy for the preparation of the novel Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles-β-galactosidase-CaHPO4 hybrid nanocomplexes (β-gal MNCs) was established. β-gal MNCs were composed of amino-modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, β-galactosidase and crystalline calcium hydrogen phosphates. Meanwhile, under the external magnetic field, the magnetic β-gal MNCs can be easily and rapidly separated from the reaction medium. In addition, the β-galactosidase maintained most of its initial activity after immobilization into the β-gal MNCs. In a continuous hydrolysis reaction, β-gal MNCs exhibited excellent reusability and good stability. Therefore, β-gal MNCs hold promising prospects in the fast and low-cost preparation of lactose-free milk.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Araújo NG, Silva JBd, Moreira RT, Cardarelli HR (2021) Effect of temperature and concentration of βeta-galactosidase on the composition of reduced lactose pasteurized goat milk. Food Sci Technol 41:432–438. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.05220
Arsalan A, Alam MF, Zofair SFF, Ahmad S, Younus H (2020) Immobilization of beta-galactosidase on tannic acid stabilized silver nanoparticles: a safer way towards its industrial application. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 226:117637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2019.117637
Cheon HJ, Adhikari MD, Chung M, Tran TD, Kim J, Kim MI (2019) Magnetic nanoparticles-embedded enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers with enhanced peroxidase-like activity and substrate channeling for glucose biosensing. Adv Healthc Mater 8:e1801507. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201801507
Cloete WJ, Hayward S, Swart P, Klumperman B (2019) Degradation of proteins and starch by combined immobilization of protease, alpha-amylase and beta-galactosidase on a single electrospun nanofibrous membrane. Molecules. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030508
Cui JD, Jia SR (2017) Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers: a novel host platform for immobilizing biomolecules. Coord Chem Rev 352:249–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.008
Deng Y, Misselwitz B, Dai N, Fox M (2015) Lactose intolerance in adults: biological mechanism and dietary management. Nutrients 7:8020–8035. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7095380
Exl BM, Fritsche R (2001) Cow’s milk protein allergy and possible means for its prevention. Nutrition 17:642–651. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00566-4
Fabra MJ, Talens-Perales D, Roman-Sarmiento A, López-Rubio A, Polaina J (2021) Effect of biopolymer matrices on lactose hydrolysis by enzymatically active hydrogel and aerogels loaded with β-galactosidase nanoflowers. Food Hydrocoll. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106220
Feng N, Zhang HY, Li Y, Liu YKX, Xu LQ, Wang Y, Fei X, Tian J (2020) A novel catalytic material for hydrolyzing cow’s milk allergenic proteins: Papain-Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O-magnetic nanoflowers. Food Chem 311:125911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125911
Findik M, Bingol H, Erdem A (2021) Electrochemical detection of interaction between daunorubicin and DNA by hybrid nanoflowers modified graphite electrodes. Sens Actuators B Chem. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.129120
Gao F, Pan BF, Zheng WM, Ao LM, Gu HC (2005) Study of streptavidin coated onto PAMAM dendrimer modified magnetite nanoparticles. J Magn Magn Mater 293:48–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2005.01.042
Han J, Luo P, Wang L, Li C, Mao Y, Wang Y (2019) Construction of magnetic nanoflower biocatalytic system with enhanced enzymatic performance by biomineralization and its application for bisphenol a removal. J Hazard Mater 380:120901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120901
Han J, Luo P, Wang L, Wu J, Li C, Wang Y (2020) Construction of a multienzymatic cascade reaction system of coimmobilized hybrid nanoflowers for efficient conversion of starch into gluconic acid. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12:15023–15033. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21511
Harju M, Kallioinen H, Tossavainen O (2012) Lactose hydrolysis and other conversions in dairy products: technological aspects. Int Dairy J 22:104–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.09.011
Haug A, Hostmark AT, Harstad OM (2007) Bovine milk in human nutrition: a review. Lipids Health Dis 6:25. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-6-25
Husain Q (2010) Beta galactosidases and their potential applications: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 30:41–62. https://doi.org/10.3109/07388550903330497
Jang JH, Lim HB (2010) Characterization and analytical application of surface modified magnetic nanoparticles. Microchem J 94:148–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2009.10.011
Koca FD, Yilmaz DY, Onmaz NE, Ocsoy I (2020) Peroxidase-like activity and antimicrobial properties of curcumin-inorganic hybrid nanostructure. Saudi J Biol Sci 27:2574–2579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.025
Liu F, Niu F, Peng N, Su Y, Yang Y (2015) Synthesis, characterization, and application of Fe3O4@SiO2–NH2 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 5:18128–18136. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra15968c
Liu Y, Wang B, Ji X, He Z (2018) Self-assembled protein-enzyme nanoflower-based fluorescent sensing for protein biomarker. Anal Bioanal Chem 410:7591–7598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1398-7
Liu Y, Ji X, He Z (2019) Organic-inorganic nanoflowers: from design strategy to biomedical applications. Nanoscale 11(37):17179–17194. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr05446d
Martinezbilbao M, Gaunt MT, Huber RE (1995) E461H-beta-galactosidase (Escherichia coli.): altered divalent metal specificity and slow but reversible metal inactivation. Biochemistry 34:13437–13442. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00041a022
Mateo C, Palomo JM, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R (2007) Improvement of enzyme activity, stability and selectivity via immobilization techniques. Enzyme Microb Tech 40:1451–1463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.01.018
Neri DFM, Balcão VM, Dourado FOQ, Oliveira JMB, Carvalho LB, Teixeira JA (2011) Immobilized β-galactosidase onto magnetic particles coated with polyaniline: support characterization and galactooligosaccharides production. J Mol Catal B Enzym 70:74–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.02.007
Nguyen VD, Styevkóa G, Madarasa E, Haktanirlara G, Trana ATM, Bujnaa E, Damb MS, Nguyena QD (2019) Immobilization of β-galactosidase on chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles and its application for synthesis of lactulose-based galactooligosaccharides. Process Biochem 84:30–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2019.05.021
Ren W, Li Y, Wang J, Li L, Xu L, Wu Y, Wang Y, Fei X, Tian J (2019) Synthesis of magnetic nanoflower immobilized lipase and its continuous catalytic application. New J Chem 43:11082–11090. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nj06429f
Saqib S, Akram A, Halim SA, Tassaduq R (2017) Sources of beta-galactosidase and its applications in food industry. 3 Biotech 7:79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-0645-5
Sass AC, Jordening HJ (2020) Immobilization of beta-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae on electrospun gelatin nanofiber mats for the production of galactooligosaccharides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 191:1155–1170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03252-7
Silva RC, Trevisan MG, Garcia JS (2020) Beta-galactosidase encapsulated in carrageenan, pectin and carrageenan/pectin: comparative study, stability and controlled release. An Acad Bras Cienc 92:15. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180609
Souza CJF, Garcia-Rojas EE, Favaro-Trindade CS (2018) Lactase (β-galactosidase) immobilization by complex formation: impact of biopolymers on enzyme activity. Food Hydrocoll 83:88–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.04.044
Storhaug CL, Fosse SK, Fadnes LT (2017) Country, regional, and global estimates for lactose malabsorption in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2:738–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-1253(17)30154-1
Subramani IG, Perumal V, Gopinath SCB, Fhan KS, Mohamed NM (2021) Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower production and analytical utilization: fundamental to cutting-edge technologies. Crit Rev Anal Chem. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2021.1889962
Sun T, Fu M, Xing J, Ge Z (2020) Magnetic nanoparticles encapsulated laccase nanoflowers: evaluation of enzymatic activity and reusability for degradation of malachite green. Water Sci Technol 81:29–39. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.068
Talens-Perales D, Fabra MJ, Martinez-Argente L, Marin-Navarro J, Polaina J (2020) Recyclable thermophilic hybrid protein-inorganic nanoflowers for the hydrolysis of milk lactose. Int J Biol Macromol 151:602–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.115
Yadav A, Agrawal DC, Srivastava RR, Srivastava A, Kayastha AM (2020) Nanoparticles decorated carbon nanotubes as novel matrix: a comparative study of influences of immobilization on the catalytic properties of Lensculinarisbeta-galactosidase (Lcbeta-gal). Int J Biol Macromol 144:770–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.194
Yang B, Chen B, He M, Hu B (2017) Quantum dots labeling strategy for “counting and visualization” of HepG2 cells. Anal Chem 89:1879–1886. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04314
Yang HC, Chen CW, Lin YT, Chu SK (2021) Genetic ancestry plays a central role in population pharmacogenomics. Commun Biol 4:171. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-01681-6
You J, Wang L, Zhao Y, Bao W (2021) A review of amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for water treatment: features and prospects. J Clean Prod. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124668
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21974101).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yi, F., Liu, YC., Yang, YJ. et al. Three-dimensional magnetic enzyme-inorganic hybrid nanocomplexes with high reusability and stability to obtain lactose-free products. Chem. Pap. 75, 5353–5362 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01726-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-021-01726-4