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Adipose Tissue of Control and Ex-Obese Patients Exhibit Differences in Blood Vessel Content and Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cell Population

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Abstract

Background

The normal function of white adipose tissue is disturbed in obesity. After weight loss that follows bariatric surgery, ex-obese patients undergo plastic surgery to remove residual tissues and it is not known whether their adipose tissue returns to its original state. The aim of this study was to compare the white adipose tissue composition of ex-obese with control patients with regard to blood vessels and resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).

Methods

Quantification of blood vessels was performed on histological sections of adipose tissue stained with hematoxylin and eosin and for von Willebrand antigen. MSC were induced to the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages by specific inductive culture media. Expression of PPARγ2 was analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results

Ex-obese adipose tissue showed a higher number (p = 0.0286) of small (107.3 ± 22.0) and large (22.5 ± 6.4) blood vessels, when compared to control patients (42.0 ± 24.4 and 7.2 ± 2.2, respectively) and they also occupied a larger area (control versus ex-obese, p = 0.0286). Adipose tissue MSC from both groups of patients expressed PPARγ2 and were equally able to differentiate to the osteogenic lineage, but ex-obese MSC showed a higher adipogenic potential when induced in vitro (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The higher number of adipose tissue blood vessels in ex-obese patients explains the excessive bleeding observed during their plastic surgery. The presence of more committed cells to the adipogenic lineage may favor the easy weight regain that occurs in ex-obese patients. These results show that, after extensive weight loss, adipose tissue cell composition was not totally restored.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (CNPq) and the Rio de Janeiro State Government (FAPERJ) grants of the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology. We are grateful to the patients for donating and providing adipose tissue waste samples to this study. The authors have indicated no relationship with commercial supporters.

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Correspondence to Leandra Santos Baptista.

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Leandra Santos Baptista and Karina Ribeiro da Silva have contributed equally to this study.

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Baptista, L.S., da Silva, K.R., da Pedrosa, C.S.G. et al. Adipose Tissue of Control and Ex-Obese Patients Exhibit Differences in Blood Vessel Content and Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cell Population. OBES SURG 19, 1304–1312 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-009-9899-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-009-9899-2

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