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Bio-directed Chemical Study of Pleurotus ostreatus Spent Substrate and Its Nematicidal Activity

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Abstract

Purpose

In the present study, the nematicidal activity of the chemical fractionation of the spent substrate of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus against eggs and L3 larvae of Haemonchus contortus was evaluated.

Methods

The hydroalcoholic extract of the spent substrate was subjected to a bipartition with ethyl acetate giving two fractions: one aqueous (F. Ac) and one organic (F. AcOET). Both fractions were evaluated against eggs and L3 larvae at different concentrations (5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625 and 0.3125 mg/mL) and 2% methanol, PBS and thiabendazole (5 mg/mL) as controls. Chemical fractionation of F. AcOET was performed in open column chromatography where 76 fractions were obtained and when analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) were grouped into 11 mixtures (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11). These mixtures were evaluated at 10 mg/mL against eggs and L3 larvae. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA and a Tukey test in the SAS V9 program.

Results

The results showed that, in the evaluation of F. AcOET and F. Ac, for the inhibition of egg hatching, the highest percentages were 78.80 and 76.89% at 5 mg/mL, respectively. As for the percentage of larval mortality, F. AcOET obtained 60.91 and F. Ac 29.77% at 5 mg/mL. The results of the evaluations of the mixtures showed that mixtures R4, R5 obtained 100 and 95.41% larval mortality and mixtures R6 and R7 presented 100% inhibitory activity of egg hatching, so these were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry finding compounds such as vanillin, β-sitosterol, ρ-methyl ρ-hydroxycinnamate and ρ-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

Conclusion

The results of the present study demonstrate that the spent substrate of P. ostreatus has potential anthelmintic activity against H. contortus. Moreover, by reusing and taking advantage of this substrate, its environmental pollution effects can be reduced.

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Acknowledgements

To MC. Jesús Antonio Pineda-Alegría for techincal support. This study was part of the master’s degree thesis of Miss Susan Yaracet Páez-León at master’s degree in Natural Resource Management, from the Biological Research Center of the Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Mexico under the direction of Dr Maura Téllez-Téllez and Dr Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino.

Funding

This study was financed by the CONACYT National Problems project number 9342634372 and MC Susan Yaracet Páez-León received a grant from CONACYT-Mexico: No. 747567.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad No. 1001, Chamilpa, CP 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

    Susan Yaracet Páez-León, Maura Téllez-Téllez & Alejandro García-Flores

  2. CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, CP 62550, Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico

    Susan Yaracet Páez-León, Gloria Sarahi Castañeda-Ramírez & Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino

  3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No.1. Col. Centro, CP 62790, Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico

    Manasés González-Cortazar

  4. El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Apdo. Postal 36, CP 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico

    José Ernesto Sánchez-Vázquez

  5. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, CP 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico

    Juan Felipe de Jesús Torres-Acosta

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  1. Susan Yaracet Páez-León
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino.

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Ethical approval

The sheep were strictly maintained under the NORMA OFICIAL MEXICANA (Official Rule Number) NOM-051-ZOO-1995 (http:/www.senasica.gob.mx) and to the LEY FEDERAL DE SANIDAD ANIMAL (Federal Law for Animal Health) DOF 16–02-2018 (http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/ref/lfsa.htm). These guidelines specify that all the procedures performed in studies involving animals must follow the Federal Law and Official Rule strictly in accordance with the ethical standards of INIFAP. Furthermore, the animal welfare and the unnecessary animal suffering are Good Management Practices policies well established at our institution. Thus, this is to certify that the animals used in the procedures performed for the generation fo results included in the manuscript were handled and treated in accordance with the ethical standards and by strictly following the Federal Law and Official Rule above cited.

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Páez-León, S.Y., González-Cortazar, M., Sánchez-Vázquez, J.E. et al. Bio-directed Chemical Study of Pleurotus ostreatus Spent Substrate and Its Nematicidal Activity. Acta Parasit. 67, 1603–1611 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-022-00600-x

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