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Functional abnormalities of the cerebellum in vascular mild cognitive impairment

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Abstract

Objectives

The alterations in cerebellar activity that occur in vascular mild cognitive impairment remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate potential associations between abnormal cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) and changes in cognitive function by examining intracerebellar and cerebellar-cerebral FC.

Methods

MRI data were collected from seventy-two patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VMCI), comprising 38 patients with small vessel mild cognitive impairment (SVMCI) and 34 with poststroke mild cognitive impairment (PSMCI), and from 43 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs). Changes in FC between subregions within the cerebellum and from each cerebellar subregion to the selected cerebral seed points in VMCI patients were calculated, and the association of these changes with cognitive function was examined.

Results

Compared with HCs, we found that VMCI patients had 11 cerebellar subregions showing significant differences (mainly decreases) in FC with brain regions in the default-mode network (DMN), sensory-motor network (SMN), and frontoparietal network (FPN). In the intracerebellar FC analysis, 47 (8%) cerebellar connections had significant intergroup differences, mainly a reduced magnitude of FC in VMCI patients. In the correlation analysis, higher Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were correlated with stronger intracerebellar FC (left crus II–right lobule VI, left crus II–right lobule VIIb) and cerebellar-cerebral FC (right lobule X–left precuneus, vermal lobule IX–right inferior parietal lobule) in both the SVMCI and PSMCI groups.

Conclusion

These findings suggest prominent intracerebellar and cerebellar-cerebral FC abnormalities in VMCI patients, contributing evidence for a possible role of the cerebellum in cognitive processes.

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Data availability

The data can be obtained from the corresponding author by request.

Abbreviations

ACC:

anterior cingulate cortex

AAL:

automated anatomical labeling

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

ALFF:

amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation

ANOVA:

analysis of variance

ASL:

arterial spin labeling

aMCI:

amnestic-type mild cognitive impairment

BOLD:

blood oxygen level dependent

DMN:

default-mode network

FC:

functional connectivity

FWE:

familywise error

FWHM:

full width at half maximum

FPN:

front-parietal network

GMV:

gray matter

HCs:

healthy controls

LVD:

large vessel disease

MCI:

mild cognitive impairment

MMSE:

Mini-Mental State Examination

MoCA:

Montreal Cognitive Assessment

PSMCI:

poststroke mild cognitive impairment

PSD:

poststroke dementia

ReHo:

regional homogeneity

ROI:

region of interest

rs-fMRI:

resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

SMN:

sensory-motor network

SVD:

small vessel disease

SVMCI:

small vessel mild cognitive impairment

VCI:

vascular cognitive impairment

VMCI:

vascular mild cognitive impairment

VaD:

vascular dementia

VOI:

volume of interest

WMH:

white matter hyperintensity

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82001799).

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  1. Zhao Ruan and Lei Gao share first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China

    Zhao Ruan, Lei Gao, Sirui Li, Minhua Yu, Bo Rao, Wenbo Sun, Xiaoli Zhou, Yidan Li & Haibo Xu

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, No. 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China

    Xiaopeng Song

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Contributions

Zhao Ruan and Lei Gao collected data, designed the experiment, analyzed data, and drafted the manuscript. Lei Gao analyzed data and revised the manuscript. Haibo Xu and Xiaopeng Song revised the article and interpreted the data. Xiaoli Zhou and Yidan Li collected data; Sirui Li, Bo Rao, Wenbo Sun and Minhua Yu provided intellectual content of critical importance to the work described. All authors also approved the version to be published.

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Correspondence to Xiaopeng Song or Haibo Xu.

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Ruan, Z., Gao, L., Li, S. et al. Functional abnormalities of the cerebellum in vascular mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging and Behavior 17, 530–540 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-023-00783-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-023-00783-5

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