Abstract
Previous neuroimaging studies revealed radiation-induced brain injury in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the years after radiotherapy (RT). These injuries may be associated with structural and functional alterations. However, differences in the brain structural connectivity of NPC patients at different times after RT, especially in the early-delayed period, remain unclear. We acquired diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from three groups of NPC patients, 25 in the pre-RT (before RT) group, 22 in the early-delayed (1–6 months) period (post-RT-ED) group, and 33 in the late-delayed (>6 months) period (post-RT-LD) group. Then, we constructed brain white matter (WM) structural networks and used graph theory to compare their between-group differences. The NPC patients in the post-RT-ED group showed decreased global properties when compared with the pre-RT group. We also detected the nodes with between-group differences in nodal parameters. The nodes that differed between the post-RT-ED and pre-RT groups were mainly located in the default mode (DMN) and central executive networks (CEN); those that differed between the post-RT-LD and pre-RT groups were located in the limbic system; and those that differed between the post-RT-LD and post-RT-ED groups were mainly in the DMN. These findings may indicate that radiation-induced brain injury begins in the early-delayed period and that a reorganization strategy begins in the late-delayed period. Our findings may provide new insight into the pathogenesis of radiation-induced brain injury in normal-appearing brain tissue from the network perspective.
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Abbreviations
- NPC:
-
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- RT:
-
Radiotherapy
- WM:
-
White matter
- pre-RT:
-
Before radiotherapy
- post-RT-ED:
-
The early-delayed period after radiotherapy
- post-RT-LD:
-
The late-delayed period after radiotherapy
- AJCC:
-
American Joint Committee on Cancer
- 2D-CRT:
-
Conventional two-dimensional radiotherapy
- IMRT:
-
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- FDR:
-
False discovery rate
- NOS:
-
Number of streamlines
- DMN:
-
Default mode network
- CEN:
-
Central executive network
- IFGtriang:
-
Triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus
- SFG:
-
Superior frontal gyrus
- SPG:
-
Superior parietal gyrus
- ITG:
-
Inferior temporal gyrus
- IOG:
-
Inferior occipital gyrus
- PHG:
-
Parahippocampal gyrus
- LING:
-
Lingual gyrus
- OFClat:
-
Lateral orbital gyrus
- CAU:
-
Caudate nucleus
- HVIII:
-
Cerebellum_8
- Hcrus II:
-
Cerebellum_Crus2
- PreCG:
-
Precentral gyrus
- SFGdor:
-
Dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus
- MFG:
-
Middle frontal gyrus
- SMA:
-
Supplementary motor area
- MOG:
-
Middle occipital gyrus
- PCUN:
-
Precuneus
- PUT:
-
Putamen
- MTG:
-
Middle temporal gyrus
- PoCG:
-
Postcentral gyrus
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers: 81871338, 81371535, 81271548, and 81401399); the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Number: 2018YFC1705006); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant Number: 15ykpy35); and the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019A1515011143). The funding organizations played no further role in study design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, or paper writing. The authors appreciate Drs. Rhoda E. and Edmund F. Perozzi for editing the manuscript.
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Chen, Q., Lv, X., Zhang, S. et al. Altered properties of brain white matter structural networks in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy. Brain Imaging and Behavior 14, 2745–2761 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-019-00224-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-019-00224-2