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Sintering Kinetics of Plasma-Sprayed Zirconia TBCs

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Abstract

The sintering of free-standing plasma sprayed TBCs has been modeled, based on variational principles of free energy minimization and comparisons are made with experimental results. Predictions of through-thickness shrinkage and changing pore surface area are compared with the experimental data obtained by dilatometry and BET analysis, respectively. The sensitivity of the predictions to initial pore architecture and material properties is assessed. The model can be used to predict the evolution of the contact area between overlying splats. This is in turn related to the through-thickness thermal conductivity, using a previously developed analytical model (I.O. Golosnoy, et al. J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2005, 14(2), p 205-214).

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Abbreviations

A s :

Total free surface area, m2

A gb :

Total grain boundary area, m2

D 0 :

Diffusivity, m2 s−1

E :

Young’s modulus, Pa

\(\overline{G}\) :

Free energy per unit volume, J m−3

h :

Height from the centre of the bridge to the centre of the splat, m

J :

Volumetric flux per unit depth, m3 m−1 s−1

k :

Thermal conductivity, W m−1 K−1

k B :

Boltzman constant, J atom−1 K−1

M :

Atomic mobility, m2 J−1 s−1

N s :

Number of grains within a splat

Q :

Activation energy, J mol−1

r b :

Radius of contact between splats, m

r g :

Grain size (side of hexagonal prism), m

r s :

Radius of the splat, m

R :

Universal gas constant, J mol−1 K−1

T :

Absolute temperature, K

Vol:

Volume of material corresponding to a unit cell, m3

\(v_\bot\) :

Migration velocity of an interface, m s−1

y b :

Half open-pore dimension, m

y s :

Half-height of the splat, m

\(\updelta\) :

Thickness of the layer, through which diffusion takes place, m

\(\upgamma_{\rm s}\) :

Specific surface energy, J m−2

\(\upgamma_{\rm gb}\) :

Specific grain boundary energy, J m−2

\(\overline{\Uppsi}\) :

Rate of energy dissipation per unit volume, J s−1 m−3

\(\Upomega \) :

Atomic volume, m3

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Acknowledgments

Financial support has come from a Basque Government scholarship (for AC), from EPSRC via Platform Grant and from Sulzer Metco (US) Inc. The authors are also grateful for extensive useful discussions with Sulzer Metco personnel, particularly Mitch Dorfman, Clive Britton, Keith Harrison, Liangde Xie and Jason Doesburg.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    A. Cipitria, I.O. Golosnoy & T.W. Clyne

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  1. A. Cipitria
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  2. I.O. Golosnoy
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  3. T.W. Clyne
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Correspondence to A. Cipitria.

Additional information

This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.

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Cipitria, A., Golosnoy, I. & Clyne, T. Sintering Kinetics of Plasma-Sprayed Zirconia TBCs. J Therm Spray Tech 16, 809–815 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-007-9080-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-007-9080-1

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